
在中国艺术品收藏界,仅有为数不多的一些名字能够使人立刻联想到那些精美绝伦的不世之珍,史蒂芬 • 琼肯三世(1978年逝)便是其中之一。史蒂芬 •琼肯三世于二十世纪中叶开启鉴赏之路,尽寻千古,集成大宗,其中大部分藏珍均购自当时美国及英国最为知名的古董商。在高峰时期,其藏品数量一度高达两千件有余,其中包括了瓷器、玉器、青铜器、书画和佛教造像,藏宝聚珍。惜若沧海之遗珠,广如浩瀚之星云,为后世缔造了一个璀璨卓然的收藏传奇。
“琼肯像蜘蛛一般坐在好似以精美艺术品交织出的网中。他为了得到这些珍宝,有时像外交官一样优雅地与人交涉,有时像国际间谍般搜集情报,有时需要像短跑选手一样四处冲刺。搜藏东方艺术品,许多时候秘密交织、竞争四起,实非易事。”
在2018年9月与2019年3月的两场琼肯专场中,收罗了新石器时代至唐宋代精美艺术重器,整体质量较高。焦点拍品包括六朝铜鎏金龙及东周青铜游兽擒鸟纹戈,北魏以来的佛教石雕、夹纻干漆及铜鎏金造像。从中可窥当时风俗、宗教及政治,而一件龙门佛首因阳新的文章在网络上疯传后也被迫撤拍。
撤拍的佛首(点击图片了解详情)
2018 琼肯: 中国佛教造像
(https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/2018/junkunc-chinese-buddhist-sculpture-n09905.html)
https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/ecatalogue/2018/junkunc-chinese-buddhist-sculpture-n09905/lot.8.html
唐 石灰石雕菩萨立像
高:100 cm
成交价:4,335,000 美元
AN EXCEPTIONAL LARGE LIMESTONE FIGURE OF A BODHISATTVA
TANG DYNASTY
carved in an elegantly eased standing posture with the proper right hand raised, holding vestiges of a kalasa, the left hand lowered and lightly lifting a draped sash and garments, the hair gathered high in a neatly spiraled topknot encircled by a diadem and falling down the back in coiled locks, the full face carved with arched brows sweeping above gently opened almond eyes, the plump lips carved with a clearly defined bowed outline and painted a bright red, with three incised lines to the neck above a necklace of geometric pendants, a sash swept diagonally over the bare chest and naturalistically fleshy torso, a diaphanous dhoti masterfully carved over the legs in cascading folds following the attitude of the hips and the slightly bent leg, with traces of red, blue, green, and gilt pigments, supported on an octagonal base of lotus petals over a waist of rectangular panels above a further tier of petals
Height 39 1/2 in., 100 cm
来源:
Collection of Mrs. Christian R. Holmes (1871–1941).
Parke-Bernet Galleries New York, 15th-18th April 1942, lot 386.
Nagatani, Inc., Chicago, 1st November 1962.
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III, (d. 1978).
Christian R. Holmes 夫人(1871–1941)收藏
Parke-BernetGalleries,纽约,1942年4月15至18日,编号386
Nagatani, Inc.,芝加哥,1962年11月1日
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
相关介绍:
慈美与优雅:唐代石雕菩萨像
康蕊君
唐玄宗年间,唐朝达到全盛时期,中国造像艺术精彩纷呈。通观本像,姿态优雅,刻画自然,衣裙及披肩宛然飘逸,发髻细密,花饰丰富,属此时期中国佛教造像之经典。
中国石雕佛像传统,于公元五世纪得到发展。时北魏宫廷尚佛,御令开凿山西云冈石窟,后又于六世纪初期在河南龙门及巩县建筑石窟,编制庞大,极为可观。此类宫廷御制石窟造像由当时能匠精制,所订立之工艺风格,对中国造像艺术影响深远,并启发其他独立造像及石雕。
魏拓跋建造大型石窟,意在巩固中原统治,所制佛像,按历代魏帝形像雕作。故此,该时期佛像并未承袭西亚或中亚风格,而是有意发展中国自有风格。此时期造像制式及风格化更强,不注重刻画造像身体自然线条,意在表现其庄重威严、远离世俗的宗教化形象。
至北齐时期,佛像风格出现明显变化,工匠开始自由借鉴印度及中亚造像风格。参考河北响堂山石窟之北齐佛像,立像两腿略分,一脚脚跟微微离地(安吉拉•法尔科•霍沃等合编,《Chinese Sculpture》,纽黑文及伦敦,2006年,图版3.78及3.79)。如此姿态,与中亚石窟佛雕造型特色甚为接近,或循画作、织品或小型木雕、木龛等自中亚引入中原。可比较新疆龟兹壁画菩萨像,面容清晰展现西亚特征,而刻画姿态则与北齐佛像相近;此外,亦可比较甘肃敦煌莫高窟北魏造像(《中国美术全集.绘画编》,卷16,北京,1989年,图版184及195;及《中国石窟.敦煌莫高窟》,北京,1982年,卷1,图版20、21及23)。
唐代初期,佛教造像风格转向写实,比较一例,制于七世纪后期武则天在位期间,菩萨造像更近人形,身躯微侧,姿态自然。(《中国美术全集:雕塑编》,卷11,上海,1988年,图版183及《龙门石窟展》展览图录,美秀美术馆,无出版,2001年,页62)。
佛像形像向写实风格的完全转变见于盛唐。此时期造像着重美观,感观丰盛,以接近人形、外表臻美之形像传达宗教信息,易于赢取大众接受。佛教石雕造像于此时踏入完全成熟期。除石雕外,铜、陶及木制造像亦呈相近风格。此时期无疑是中国造像史上最为出众的时期之一,时之造像当属中国写实风格艺术臻品佳例。
唐代佛教大为盛行,对社会所有阶层均有重大影响,时佛寺庙宇大批兴建,僧人还可减免赋税,后虽因会昌灭佛一度稍有呆滞,却未久及而又迅速复苏。
唐玄宗本人虽更尚道教,却对密宗佛教充满好奇,其他唐代贵族,亦大多对密宗深感兴趣。印度密宗高僧于大唐为皇族弘法,备受朝廷器重,为皇帝主持各项仪式及法事。此外,宫廷御令制作造像亦持续活跃,从唐代首都长安大明宫侧安国寺(710年建)遗址出土之精美白大理石雕像即见。安国寺属密宗佛教真言宗,所出土之大理石像均见描金绘饰,华美精细,若无宫廷支持,实难成之。
当某段时期宫廷对佛教支持稍有减弱,艺匠或因而转向取悦民间信徒,更需突出佛像之华美外表。本像身躯婀娜,线条柔雅,身体重心置于一侧,腹腰丰满细致,衣袍纤薄贴身,隐露双腿,正属盛唐石雕佳例。本像虽无明确性别特征,然其像首发髻华丽,表明为女性形像,面容慈和,平静恬雅,应为观音形像。
本像风格虽属同时期典型,相近作例却颇为鲜见。其整体风格与同时期石窟造像相类,然本地工匠基于石窟风格之上再发展出各自特色,亦不足为奇。山西太原天龙山石窟乃中国北部石窟之一,共二十一窟,包括自北魏末年至唐代年间造像,佛像轮廓柔和,其中部份石雕风格华丽,属盛唐时期。比较天龙山石窟三尊作例,其一位于原址,图载于《天龙山石窟》,北京,2003年,图版124;另一例现存于波士顿美术博物馆(37.329)(图二);例三现存于旧金山亚洲艺术博物馆,缺首(René-Yvon Lefebvre d’Argencé 编,《Chinese, Korean and Japanese Sculpture in the Avery BrundageCollection》,旧金山,1974年,图版108)。整体而言,天龙山菩萨像身躯及面庞均较本像更为丰满。
另可比较龙门石窟两尊作例,时代与本像相近,亦原属琼肯收藏,售于纽约佳士得1995年9月21日,编号301及302;前者载于喜仁龙,《ChineseSculpture from the Fifth to the Fourteenth Century》,伦敦,1925年(重印于曼谷,1998年),图版464,后易手于纽约佳士得1999年9月16日,编号18;后者则原售于伦敦苏富比1946年11月22日,编号56。上述例像身型均较本像壮健。
本像所展示之同期雕刻风格,亦可见于石碑,如见松原三郎,《中国仏教雕刻史论》,东京,1995年,卷3,参考图版656b、658b、660b、663a及670,作例出自盛唐或较早时期。
本像曾属 ChristianHolmes 夫人(1871-1941)收藏(图三)。Holmes夫人乃著名美国收藏家及慈善家。其收藏包括中国青铜器、古玉器、唐代金银器、各代陶瓷器、铜鎏金及石雕佛教造像、其他各式工艺品,以及日本、暹罗、印度、波斯及希腊古董等。夫人的这些珍藏与一些顶级的英国及法国家具曾并列展示在其坐落于纽约长岛的宅邸之中。Holmes 夫人曾于1929 年出借藏品给柏林普鲁士艺术学院举办的《中国艺术展》,为当时四位出借展品的美国藏家之一。除此外,她还曾借出二十多件藏珍给1935至1936年伦敦皇家艺术学院举办的《国际中国艺术展》。Holmes 夫人在其丈夫离世后,为纪念亡夫,成立了一所医院及慈善基金会。她同时还是爱乐乐团协会及大都会歌剧院的主要赞助人。
http://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/ecatalogue/2018/junkunc-chinese-buddhist-sculpture-n09905/lot.6.html
北齐 天保十年(559年) 大理石雕思惟菩萨三尊像
高:36 cm
成交价:495,000美元
铭文:
天保十年润月 比丘禺献比丘道宥敬造白玉像一躯上为皇帝陛下 又为师僧父母 法界众生 含灵抱识 俱时成佛
A WHITE MARBLE INSCRIBED TRIAD GROUP
NORTHERN QI DYNASTY, DATED TIANBAO TENTH YEAR, CORRESPONDING TO 559
the central Buddhist deity seated in the 'pensive pose' on a throne with the proper right leg crossed over the left knee, the right hand and index finger raised to the face in a gesture of deep contemplation, the head crowned, with long sashes hanging over the shoulders and the body dressed in long robes cascading in rounded folds over the legs, the throne backed by a circular mandorla and flanked by two attendant bodhisattvas standing serenely in prayer with smaller mandorlas and simple monk's robes, each figure supported by a tiered, stepped circular double-base underfoot, further supported by a rectangular base, all carved from a single stone, the plinth side and back inscribed with a dedicatory inscription dated to the intercalary month of the tenth year of Tianbao, corresponding to 559, the reverse of the main mandorla with traces of a polychrome painted scene including a haloed deity figure
Height 14 in., 36 cm
来源:
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d. 1978).
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
相关介绍:
北齐一朝,兼容并蓄外族文化、思想及信仰,本土风貌因而大为充盈,无论宗教或非宗教艺术方面,均乃中国艺术史上最气象郁勃时期之一,佛教造像辉煌成就在此一朝可谓登峰造极。北魏造像手法惟承南亚、中亚范式,时至北齐乃臻成熟,自成一格。然鉴观北齐造像,仍显虔敬庄严,慈静平和,尚未见唐代造像明快、婀娜之态。
本品三尊像呈河北曲阳大理石造像的简约风格,主像面容刻画细腻,尤为突出,以曲阳典型浅浮雕刻成,仅手部以高浮雕刻画。左右尊者以更浅浮雕刻制,手法更为简约,效果和谐庄重。北京故宫博物院收藏二百五十一尊1953至1954年出土自曲阳修德寺的相近造像,其中一件载于冯贺军及达微佳,〈思.探─河北曲阳修德寺遗址佛教造像考古发现〉,《紫禁城杂志》,2017年(5),页117。该坐像尺寸较大,姿态沈稳,刻天保二年(551年)款。此组修德寺造像当中,有超过一百尊刻北齐年款。
另可比较数例,其一现藏于浜松市美术馆,刻天保八年款(557年),载于松原三郎,《增订中国佛教雕刻史研究》,东京,1995年,卷2,图版396,同书并载两例,刻工较简,图版429a及b。
本品主像思惟造型乃此时期佛像最具特色之一。除非造像刻款表明,此类造型佛像身份一直未有定论,说法主要有二,一为悉达多太子(后得道为释迦牟尼佛)、二为乃弥勒菩萨,四、五世纪期间主要为前者,550年后则多为后者(见展览图录《走向盛唐》,大都会艺术博物馆,纽约,2004年,页266)。
许湘苓文章〈VisualizationMeditation and the Siwei Icon in Chinese Buddhist Sculpture〉详尽分析,六世纪期间社会政治动荡,促成供奉弥勒菩萨、期望登兜率天之信徒渐多,详见《Artibus Asiae》,卷62,号1(2002年),页5-32。其时冥想流行,思惟形像亦于同期渐渐常见,相关经文要求信徒潜心静思,观望指定对象或法器以达目标。冥想时思想弥勒菩萨形像之法,主要依据《佛说观弥勒菩萨上生兜率天》,此经由沮渠京声汉译于五世纪中期。许氏并述,具创意之中国信徒取传统佛教沉思形像,加上「思惟」一词,为该形像注入新意义,以之代表弥勒信徒作冥想姿态,思索观弥勒菩萨上生兜率天之情境(前述出处,页27)。当时信众冥想之寺庙,多作佛教净土装饰,故此弥勒信徒订制如此思惟造像,奉于寺庙,期望归往弥勒菩萨兜率天,永离苦劫。
http://www.sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/lot.14.html/2018/junkunc-chinese-buddhist-sculpture-n09905
宋至明初 石雕罗汉首像
高:41.3 cm
成交价:927,000 美元
A LARGE AND RARE BROWN CONGLOMERATE LIMESTONE HEAD OF A LUOHAN
SONG - EARLY MING DYNASTY
expressively carved, the full rounded head with furrowed brows and finely articulated eyebrows beneath a heavily lined forehead, the deeply-lidded wrinkled eyes peering out above a softly rounded nose and a prominent chin, flanked by long pendulous earlobes, with short hairs incised to the crown and chin, the mottled stone of a variegated brown and orange tone, stone stand (2)
Height of head 16 1/4 in., 41.3 cm
来源:
ollection of American Consul General Angus Ward (1893-1969), acquired in China in 1931.
Richard Ravenal, Asian Gallery, New York, 20th January 1969.
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d. 1978).
美国总领事 Angus Ward(1893-1969)收藏,1931年得于中国
Richard Ravenal,Asian Gallery,1969年1月20日
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
相关介绍:
本例罗汉首像精雕而就,细节处面面俱到,所定格之神韵灵妙逼真,栩栩如生,加之其尺寸硕然,着实叫人过目难忘、印象深刻。整体雕塑打磨圆润,起伏自然、错综曲折之弧面活现头骨轮廓,额骨见数道阴刻纹,线条流畅却深入三分,使整体造型愈加深刻。前额、眼周及嘴角皱纹简洁利落、丝缕分明,精准素描出年长智者面容特征,更强化雕塑立体视效。罗汉双眼微阖,低眸而视似冥思入定,威而不怒;嘴角略扬,笑容平和慈悲,传达悲天悯人之情状,是为罗汉首像之典范。
罗汉为释迦牟尼佛之得道弟子,寿尽前虽已修成正果却拒入涅盘,仍留世间守护佛法,教化度众。罗汉法力超凡,集万物智慧和灵性,脱离贪嗔痴妄;其形象于宋代备受推崇。李松认为,有宋一朝,各佛教宗派皆渴求正统,罗汉便成为连接自身教派与佛陀之直接纽带。与此同时,敬造佛像以求精神慰藉的供养人日继增加,故而尺寸巨大、形象写实之罗汉造像大量问世,并见诸于各类材质,例如瓷塑、泥塑及石像。罗汉像多以十六成组、或十八成组、甚至五百成组之形象出现,被供奉于寺庙、佛窟,信徒借其寄思修身,参禅悟道(参自李松,〈From the Northern Song to the Qing〉,《ChineseSculpture》,纽黑文,2006年,页389)。
可比一例相近宋罗汉首像,藏荷兰莱顿国立民族学博物馆,载于《海外遗珍:佛像》,卷1,台北,1986年,图版14(图二)。另可参考一石灰石罗汉首例,尺寸略小,售于香港苏富比2016年4月5日,编号2835;又见两大理石质较小作例,均售于纽约苏富比,其一售于2004年3月23日,编号630;其二为卢芹斋及戴润斋递藏,先后二度亮相纽约苏富比拍场,分别为2011年3月22日,编号270,以及2011年9月19日,编号319。此外,一明代罗汉首像亦可资参考,贮于纽约大都会艺术博物馆,馆藏编号60.74。
https://www.sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/lot.3.html/2018/junkunc-chinese-buddhist-sculpture-n09905
北魏 砂岩石雕飞天像
高:54 cm
成交价:362,500 美元
A RARE SANDSTONE RELIEF FRAGMENT OF AN APSARA
NORTHERN WEI DYNASTY
the graceful spirit shown in three-quarter view, kneeling on the proper left leg, with the right arm resting on the bent right knee, the left arm raised high and holding a floral medallion, the torso turned frontally, adorned in robes vertically incised, the head tilted and looking up, the serene face with a benevolent expression, the thick locks of hair swept up into a high topknot, mounted and supported on a stone stand (2)
Height 21 1/4 in., 54 cm
来源:
Yamanaka & Co., April 1943.
Frank Caro, successor to C.T. Loo, New York, 15th November 1961.
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d. 1978).
山中商会,1943年4月
弗兰克•卡罗(卢芹斋继任人),纽约,1961年11月15日
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
展览:
Museum of Science and History, Fort Worth, Texas, December 1953.
Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, Texas, December 1953.
Lowe Art Museum, Coral Gables, Florida, September 1954.
The Huntington, Pasadena, California, October 1954.
Columbia Museum of Art, Columbia, South Carolina, February 1956.
科学与历史博物馆,沃斯堡,德州,1953年12月
休斯顿美术馆,休斯顿,德州,1953年12月
洛尔艺术博物馆,科勒尔盖布尔斯,佛州,1954年9月
汉庭顿,帕萨迪纳,加州,1954年10月
哥伦比亚艺术博物馆,哥伦比亚,南卡罗来纳州,1956年2月
相关介绍:
本像刻画飞天双手高举,蹲跪供奉,甚为独特。其细节作浅浮雕,面容刻画细腻,七分面造型,属北魏石雕典型风格,尤多见于云冈及天龙山等重要石窟。本像飞天窈窕优雅,面带静谧微笑,含蓄庄严,令人动容,原应属于一组巨大造像群。
本像姿态动感丰富,结高发髻,应属飞天造型。飞天出自印度文化,属于仙女,北魏期间,飞天形像常见于佛坛、三尊像及石窟,营造净土曼妙气氛。飞天多为仙女形象,起舞奏乐,伴于诸佛菩萨四周。蹲跪飞天造型并不常见,唯可比较一石灰石浮雕例,飞天姿态与本品相近,出自戴润斋收藏,售于香港苏富比1997年4月29日,编号713,并载于《般若宝相:静雅堂藏中国佛像艺术》,台北,2016年,图版5;另一例见于河南省洛阳附近龙门石窟宾阳中洞后壁,图见于《中国美术全集.雕塑编.11.龙门石窟雕刻》,上海,1988年,图版40。
比较数件砂岩石作例,雕刻风格相近,见于山西大同云冈石窟,六号石窟壁上刻有数像,图载于《云冈石窟》,北京,1977年,图版17及18;另比一例,尺寸较小,据载源自云冈石窟,曾属瑞士 Bjorkman 收藏,图载于《An Exhibition of ChineseStone Sculptures》,卢芹斋,纽约,1940年,编号13,图版8,并展于《ChineseBuddhist Sculpture from Northern Wei to Ming》,埃斯肯纳茨,纽约,2002年,图版3;另一例售于伦敦佳士得2000年11月15日,编号79。
尚有一飞天例,怀抱琵琶,现藏于巴黎赛努奇博物馆,图载于《Arts De L’Asie. Au Musée Cernuschi》,巴黎,2000年,页91;另一例售于纽约苏富比2005年9月22日,编号12。
https://www.sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/lot.4.html/2018/junkunc-chinese-buddhist-sculpture-n09905
唐初 大理石雕云兽纹画像石
高:40.6 cm
成交价:300,000 美元
A VERY RARE WHITE MARBLE 'MYTHICAL BEAST' STONE PANEL
EARLY TANG DYNASTY
the rectangular fragment deftly carved in relief with a mythical leonine beast depicted in profile striding forward with the interior fore paw raised in motion, the jaws agape in a ferocious aspect, a pointed ear set behind the jaw and below a single curved horn, the luxuriant curled mane and tail delineated with finely carved lines, the powerful body carved with flange-like thick curled tufts of fur running down the back and limbs, above stylized clouds carved of similar coiled flanges tapering to wisps, wood base (2)
Height 16 in., 40.6 cm; Width 19 3/4 in., 50.2 cm
来源:
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d. 1978).
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
相关介绍:
本画像石或为墓陵装饰构件,置放于棺室墙或门上以为装点。淮安王李寿墓棺室四壁及门周所饰画像石便与此相类似,其上亦浮雕神兽及相类祥云纹,现贮于新疆维吾尔自治区博物馆,著录于安吉拉•法尔科•霍沃等编,《Chinese Sculpture》,2006年,北京,图2.39。李寿(唐高祖之从父弟)墓建于贞观五年(631年),位于高祖李渊之献陵内。同时代其他墓寝多以壁画为饰,或作石刻线画,如李寿墓之浮雕装饰、风格生动明快者,甚为少见。此般对比及差异,或证此类画像石应特为皇亲国戚、贵官显宦陵寝所专制,用以护佑亡灵。
南梁萧宏墓石碑亦可资参考,刊载于姚迁及古兵着,《南朝陵墓石刻》,北京,1981年,图版55及56。萧宏于天监元年(502年)受封临川郡王,普通七年(526年)薨。萧宏墓石碑主面由八块正方形小碑拼组而成,其上浮雕神兽云纹。本品雕刻瑞兽体态愈加健壮强实,云纹亦更趋风格化,故于年代上应稍晚于萧墓石碑例。
https://www.sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/lot.15.html/2018/junkunc-chinese-buddhist-sculpture-n09905
北周 / 隋 大理石雕菩萨立像
高:88 cm
A MARBLE FIGURE OF A STANDING BODHISATTVA NORTHERN ZHOU / SUI DYNASTY
the deity carved standing, grasping a bottle held in the lowered proper left hand, richly adorned with an intricately detailed diadem of twisted, beaded, and jeweled strands encircling the lobed double-chignon piled high on the top of the head, the peaceful face with broadly arched brows and downcast, lidded eyes, the body elegantly attired in a dhoti and long shawl embellished with ornate jewelry comprising multiple strands of necklaces and luxurious chains extending large pendants and crossed in front and behind the waist, the looped strands over the body joined by rosettes, overall with traces of gilt, red, and green pigments, supported on a lotus-petal carved base, stand (2)
Height 33 3/4 in., 88 cm
来源:
Acquired prior to September 1952.
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d. 1978).
购于1952年9月之前
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
出版:
'Oak Park Resident Keeps Priceless Collection of Oriental Art in Bomb Shelter', Chicago Tribune, 7th September 1952, part III, p. 1.
〈Oak Park Resident Keeps Priceless Collectionof Oriental Art in Bomb Shelter〉,《芝加哥论坛报》,1952年9月7日,部III,页1
相关介绍:
观其容貌、衣饰,此尊立像颇显皇家风仪,集北周至隋之韵致于一身。北周至隋,造像甚稀,大理石雕且精工卓绝如斯者,尤难求得。或比一对菩萨立像,最为相近,然身形略小(79公分),1992年发掘于陕西省西安市,现贮西安市文物保护考古研究院,曾展于《走向盛唐》,大都会艺术博物馆,纽约,2004年,编号170;另一例,亦略小,大理石造,断为隋代,1963年自陕西省蓝田县孟村镇出土,刊于松原三郎,《中国仏教雕刻史论》,东京,1995年,卷2,图版534b。由上述三例可推知,此尊立像亦出自西安一带。大理石造像殊为罕见,且重光之地皆在北周帝阙长安(即今西安)附近,似为大理石造像专供皇室之说提供左证。
公元553年,中原西北(西魏政权)并吞蜀地,时局之变对北周菩萨造像影响深远。北周造像尤好华美衣饰,此风格源于西北,传自天竺,为蜀地佛教艺术奠定基础。有如此尊,其时造像穿戴富丽,佩珠玉、束华冠,以彰宝相庄严。
此尊虽存北周遗韵,形躯笔挺,面容方正,鼻宽唇阔,然身量弃圆硕、取颀长,乃见隋代风尚。帔帛盘肩,前后交结,扣于腹背,颈饰正中另悬珠穗,垂至纤腰。手部形态承自早期造像,古朴厚实,别有意趣。
此尊立像,左手持净瓶,右手缺失,或曾持杨柳枝,皆乃观音菩萨所特有。比一石灰石例,稍小,依铭文知,造于保定三年(公元563年),左手亦持净瓶,录松原三郎,出处同上,图版350a及b,同录一像,断代不详,图版350c。有三尊石灰石菩萨像,身形魁伟,雕工精细,亦传为北周末至隋初所造,风格均与此尊可比;其一,赛克勒雅蓄,现存哥伦比亚大学,纽约,编号S3342;其二,藏大都会艺术博物馆,纽约,载 Denise Patry Leidy 及 Donna Strahan,《Wisdom Embodied. ChineseBuddhist and Daoist Sculpture in the Metropolitan Museum of Art》,纽约,2010年,页173,图版A16;其三,贮明尼亚波利斯美术馆,明尼亚波利斯,刊《海外遗珍:佛像》,台北,1986年,图版60。
相类隋代大理石雕可比一例,1979年出土于陕西省岐山县五丈原镇红星村,现存岐山县博物馆,图见王文耀及付默林,〈隋代汉白玉造像〉,《收藏》,2010年,卷12,页67,图版4;及一例,藏陕公历史博物馆,录松原三郎,前述出处,图版534b。
https://www.sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/lot.17.html/2018/junkunc-chinese-buddhist-sculpture-n09905
北齐 / 隋 砂岩石雕观音首像
高:46.3 cm
A LARGE AND EXTREMELY RARE SANDSTONE HEAD OF AVALOKITESHVARA NOTHERN QI / SUI DYNASTY
the fleshy oval face carved with a serene expression, the straight broad nose rising to arched brows above downcast eyes and full lips in a benign smile, with the rounded cheeks flanked by pendulous earlobes, the hair centrally parted and surmounted by a tall lobed diadem, elaborately carved with palmettes and foliate motifs, secured with ribbons falling behind the ears, stone stand (2)
Height 18 1/4 in., 46.3 cm
来源:
Nagatani, Inc., Chicago, 1st November 1951.
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d. 1978).
Nagatani, Inc.,芝加哥,1951年11月1日
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
相关介绍:
本尊首像眉目端雅,容貌安恬,逸群而出尘。面庞圆润,配以华冠,相得益彰;冠上精雕花卉及波浪纹,既呈北齐菩萨装饰风格,又见隋代造像三面之制。五官分明,属北齐特征,双颊饱满,冠饰富丽,则兼隋代韵致。隋人造像,崇尚自然,亦承前朝,以完美身相展现佛法清净,势之所趋,于此像已见端倪。
北魏皇室尚佛之故致使菩萨造像随之风靡。六世纪初叶,北魏宫廷于河南龙门、巩县开凿石窟,工程浩大,于该时期中国造像影响深远。所造佛像或坐或立,两侧辅以胁侍菩萨,是为典型。除石窟中宏伟造像外,另见大量造像碑,亦以主佛居中,菩萨分侍左右,与石窟寺一脉相承。
六世纪,时局动荡,政权频更,中土佛教亦风行草从,诸般影响于其时宗教艺术即可窥见。现世浑浊,为寻超脱,广大信众皈投净土宗,供奉阿弥陀佛(或菩萨,如观世音等),以求往生净土(西方极乐世界)。故而,六世纪中晚期,菩萨造像多如雨后春笋,本像及大量同期造像皆涌现于此。隋朝天子大兴土木,立佛塔,建佛寺,造佛像,借助佛教信仰一统天下。佛教治国下,东欧亚大陆交流密切,佛法与艺术自南亚、中亚传入中土,又经中土远播朝鲜及日本。一时,四海之内,造像形貌气象万千。
砂岩石雕鲜有本像之类者,大小如斯者更罕。本像雕工审慎,妙相庄严,可与山西天龙山石窟比对,且与16窟断代北齐之造像甚为相近;可见几例菩萨首像,载《天龙山石窟》,北京,2004年,图版145-147、151及156。相类首像另有三例,据传均出自天龙山,其一,贮明尼亚波利斯美术馆,明尼亚波利斯,编号MIA.L2015.172.8;其余二例,藏根津美术馆,东京,编号NZM.20081及NZM.20065。仍比一观音像,蓄底特律美术馆,馆藏编号26.128,铭文纪581年,据喜仁龙研究,系陕西或河南所出,录《Chinese Sculpturefrom the Fifth to the Fourteenth Century》,卷1及4,纽约,1925年,图版305。
1922年,喜仁龙实地造访后评述天龙山造像所用砂岩极为脆弱,故多有残损缺失。其书中记「天龙山之石,质软含砂,较难抗损。有造像局部已受水销蚀」(前述出处,页55)。因所用砂岩松软可塑,天龙山造像虽易招毁损,然其秀逸之姿、灵动之态,有如本像,亦得益于此。
https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/ecatalogue/2018/junkunc-chinese-buddhist-sculpture-n09905/lot.10.html
隋 / 唐初 石灰石雕罗汉首像
高:15.2 cm
成交价:37,500美元
A LIMESTONE FRAGMENTARY RELIEF HEAD OF A LUOHAN
SUI / EARLY TANG DYNASTY
expressively carved, the grimacing face with furrowed brows and heavily lidded eyes framed by thick eyebrows curling upwards above the straight nose and full lips, all flanked by pendulous ear lobes below a shaven pate
Height 6 in., 15.2 cm
来源:
Nagatani, Inc., Chicago, 20th December 1952.
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d. 1978).
Nagatani, Inc.,芝加哥,1952年12月20日
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
相关介绍:
本像表现力丰富,具备隋代及唐代初期佛教石雕特色。比较一僧首像例,原为坐像,应出自北响堂山,曾属山口收藏,现存于大阪市立美术馆,录于《中国の石仏 : 荘厳なる祈り》,大阪市立美术馆,大阪,1995年,编号44。另比一唐代僧首像例,现存于国立博物馆,斯德哥尔摩,图载于喜仁龙,《Kinesiskaoch Japanska Skulpturer och Malningar, Nationalmuseum》,马尔默,1931年,图版26。
https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/ecatalogue/2018/junkunc-chinese-buddhist-sculpture-n09905/lot.9.html
北魏 石灰石雕维摩诘居士像
高:38 cm
成交价:250,000 美元
A LIMESTONE RELIEF FRAGMENT OF VIMALAKIRTI
NORTHERN WEI DYNASTY
the wise layman depicted smiling, in a recumbent seated position on a platform bed, the raised hand holding a deer-tailed fan, wearing a high Phrygian cap and layers of robes, the lowered hand resting on the lap and the feet carved in relief with naturalistic contour and perspective, supported and mounted on a wood stand (2)
Height 13 3/4 in., 38 cm
来源:
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d. 1978).
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
相关介绍:
本坐像刻画维摩诘居士典型形像。维摩诘乃大乘佛教经书《维摩诘经》主角,此经文采丰富,深奥玄妙,中心思想乃「不二法门」,指超越世间种种之相对性,悟入无二无别,平等一如之境地。维摩诘能言善辩,为优婆塞(侍奉如来佛之居士),与诸位菩萨辩论,深显其智慧及修行。此经深受中国贵族文士爱戴,许多刻画维摩诘之书画、壁画及石雕随之而生。经传中有维摩诘示疾典故,故其刻画形像多为依靠姿态。维摩诘居士最早期之典型形像,据传为东晋名家顾恺之所绘。
本像轮廓分明,衣袍层迭,石灰石呈深灰色,雕刻属河南洛阳南部龙门石窟造像风格。工匠围绕口部刻一道深纹,营造慈悲祥和面容。斜肩及层迭衣袍,则以浅浮雕刻成,突显整体构图之线条感。鉴于本像尺寸,可推断其或属于一座刻画与文殊菩萨辩论、众尊及徒弟在旁观看情境之佛殿或石碑。
可比较云冈石窟所雕维摩诘居士像,尤见窟VI一论法像例,录水野清一,《云冈石窟》,京都,1951至1956年,卷III,图版31(图一)。此像头带弗里吉亚式帽,脚穿高靴,手持麈尾扇,而非中式羽扇,可见其风格仍受外来影响。鉴观云冈石窟众维摩诘像,可见其形象汉化的演变。到了六世纪,维摩诘手中持扇及服饰已然不见外来因素。继至唐代,维摩诘论法形象更加发展,经文故事画像开始普遍,数量亦开始超越石雕造像。
另可比较数尊龙门石窟作例,风格相近,包括三尊菩萨像,载于《中国美术全集.雕塑编.11.龙门石窟雕刻》,上海,1988年,图版53-5;另比一飞天例,出自 Albright-Knox Art Gallery,售于纽约苏富比2007年3月19至20日,编号506。另可比较数维摩诘居士像例,载于《龙门石窟》,北京,1980年,图版112及李文生编,《龙门石窟门装饰雕刻》,上海,1991年,图版139。
https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/ecatalogue/2018/junkunc-chinese-buddhist-sculpture-n09905/lot.7.html
北魏 石灰石雕菩萨首像
高:36.9 cm
成交价:162,500 美元
A RARE LIMESTONE RELIEF FRAGMENTARY HEAD OF A BODHISATTVA
NORTHERN WEI DYNASTY
carved in soft rounded volume, the serene slender face with eyes downcast above a long, straight nose rising to an elegantly arched carved brow, with full pursed lips in a benign smile above a neatly defined chin, the face flanked by flat pendulous earlobes, the hair centrally parted, the curved hairline below a tall trapezoidal three-sided crown carved to the center with a four-petaled floret.
Height 14 1/2 in., 36.9 cm
来源:
Alice Boney, New York, 19th June 1954.
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d. 1978).
艾丽斯•庞耐,纽约,1954年6月19日
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
相关介绍:
本像佛冠属北魏典型,与河南龙门、巩县石窟弥勒及菩萨像尤为相近。此二石窟均由北魏宫廷御令兴建,无疑对佛教造像发展影响关键。
此类北魏造像,表现当时美学标准,面容刻划风格突出,首形修长,五官细腻,顶戴高冠,突显线条之美,营造空灵气韵,实乃佛教追求超脱世俗纯洁简净之表现。
与本像相近之例,多源自龙门石窟,包括两尊菩萨坐像,现存于苏黎世雷特伯格博物馆,图载于喜仁龙,《Chinese Sculptures in the von der Heydt Collection》,苏黎世,1959年,图版11-2。再比三例,亦源自龙门,载于《中国美术全集》,卷11,上海,1988年,图版52-4;此外尚有一例,断源龙门,载于 René-Yvon Lefebvre d’Argencé 编,《Chinese, Korean and JapaneseSculpture in the Avery Brundage Collection》,东京,1974年,图版34;另有一例,属台北储小石收藏,见于《中国古代石雕艺术》,国立历史博物馆,台北,1983年,编号9。亦见一例,佛冠相类,售纽约苏富比1981年11月6日,编号55。另可参考三首像例,分别售于伦敦苏富比1980年12月16日,编号435、纽约佳士得1997年3月20日,编号122及1985年6月6日,编号529。
https://www.sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/lot.13.html/2018/junkunc-chinese-buddhist-sculpture-n09905
东魏 / 北周 石灰石雕佛立像
高:56 cm
A LIMESTONE FIGURE OF A STANDING BUDDHA
EASTERN WEI / NORTHERN ZHOU DYNASTY
sensitively carved, the standing figure with the hands in abhaya mudra, the columnar body dressed in simple monk's robes and surplice draped elegantly over the lower forearm, trailing even pleats down the body terminating in a naturalistically gathered hem over the bare feet, the youthful face finely carved with delicate features, with almond-shaped eyes framed by an elegantly arched brow, the mouth in a faint smile, the head with a domed ushinisha, the hair in neatly arranged coils, all raised on a circular base, wood stand (2)
Height 22 in., 56 cm
来源:
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d. 1978).
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
相关介绍:
本品形制传承六世纪中叶佛造像之盛行样式,此类风格造像以东魏一朝为代表,集各地造像所长,融会贯通,至六世纪下半叶趋于成熟。此尊佛像历千余载犹保存完善,诚为可贵,所雕佛祖面容和善,笑靥温蔼,满含慈悲、上智之情韵;衣袍简素质朴,不禁教人托想释迦牟尼冥思入定而悟道成佛时之衣着相貌。
约公元一世纪,佛教便已传入中国,然直至四世纪以后,方渐成风气,信徒日增;至五、六世纪呈蓬勃兴旺之势,招提栉比,宝塔骈罗,僧院、尼庵星罗棋布。公元494年北魏迁都河南洛阳,此后京师便为佛教传播中心;北魏末期,只洛阳及其周边地区便有近一千三百六十七座佛寺(参自《Return of the Buddha. The Qingzhou Discoveries》,皇家艺术学院,伦敦,2002年,页24)。佛国洛阳之寺院多为专人指派营建,陈设奢华富丽,金剎与灵台比高,广殿共阿房等壮,王公巨贾竞相供奉,慷慨善施。
除洛阳地区,山东青州又为一佛教艺术制作中心,其周产石灰岩,出品佛像质量上乘。公元469年,北魏扩土至山东半岛,经数十载(五世纪末),佛法便已普照此地。青州龙兴寺窖藏曾出土大批六世纪时期佛造像,足证当时佛教兴盛之势,以及青州为佛像主要制作、供应之地。
本尊佛像与青州造像颇为相似:开脸精致清远,笑容浅淡宁和;螺发肉髻形制严整紧密。可比两例东魏三尊像,主尊佛造型与本品甚为相像:鹅蛋脸面,弯眉杏眼,笑意盈盈,一如孩提无邪纯挚,展并录于《Return of the Buddha. The Qingzhou Discoveries》,前述出处,编号4及8。另见一东魏至北齐佛首例,录于《山东青州龙兴寺出土佛教石刻造像精品》,北京,1999年,页90;仍存三类例,北魏至东魏,刊于《青州龙兴寺佛教造像艺术》,济南,1999年,图版101、103及105。
北魏分崩离析后,北齐、北周两朝对立东西,各自为政,时局变迁对于中国佛教艺术之影响可谓深远。加之印度贵霜王朝时期犍陀罗及秣菟罗两地造像艺术随丝绸之路传至中国,极大变改本土造像表现形式,此番变化观龙门、云冈石窟造像便可了然。多笈王朝时期佛造像风格备投北齐皇室所好,讲究轻纱透体,衣褶潋滟如波,以突显形体之曼妙,故而北齐佛造像风格亦随之递演,推陈出新。北周虽亦受影响,然皇室更钟情于硕健之感,追求面容圆润,五官饱满之开脸,恰如本品。可比一铜像例,尺寸较小,售于香港佳士得2015年12月2日,编号2901。
https://www.sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/lot.12.html/2018/junkunc-chinese-buddhist-sculpture-n09905
北魏 砂岩石雕胁侍像
高:56.5 cm
A CARVED RED SANDSTONE RELIEF FRAGMENT OF AN ATTENDANT
NORTHERN WEI DYNASTY
the softly rounded figure carved in a dynamic pose, standing stop a circular support, the hips swaying to the left and both forearms raised, the long robes secured at the waist and falling in folds over the legs, with a sash tied across the chest, the angled head with a benign smile and the hair swept into a high topknot
Height 22 1/4 in., 56.5 cm
来源:
Frank Caro, successor to C.T. Loo, New York, circa 1959.
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d. 1978).
弗兰克•卡罗(卢芹斋继任人),纽约,约1959年
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
相关介绍:
本胁侍像雕刻风格近山西大同云冈石窟造像传统。该石窟主要建于398至494年,其时平城(现今大同)为北魏都城。此类造像身姿婀娜曼妙,表情端祥谦实,可谓当时审美之典范。可见一浮雕作例,刻画飞天及菩萨,录《云岗石窟》,北京,1977年,图版38。
云冈石窟传统胁侍像甚为罕见,可比较一观音立像例,曾属山口收藏,现藏于大阪市立美术馆,录于《中国の石仏 : 荘厳なる祈り》,大阪市立美术馆,大阪,1995年,编号10。
http://www.sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/lot.2.html/2018/junkunc-chinese-buddhist-sculpture-n09905
唐 大理石雕象首残像
高:17.1 cm
成交价:275,000 美元
A MARBLE STONE FRAGMENT OF AN ELEPHANT HEAD
TANG DYNASTY
finely carved in low relief in profile, with a docile expression, the hooded eyes gazing up and sensitively rendered, with a network of incised cross-hatched lines on the crown of the head simulating a harness, naturalistic ridges carved in concentric lines tapering down the trunk towards the base of a tusk, the large flat ear set behind, with inscribed accession number 22.35, mounted on a wood stand (2)
Height 6 3/4 in., 17.1 cm
来源:
Frank Caro, successor to C.T. Loo, New York, circa 1959.
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d. 1978).
弗兰克•卡罗(卢芹斋继任人),纽约,约1959年
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
相关介绍:
象在佛教中的形象有着多重意义。中国大乘佛教常见普贤菩萨骑象,此外《本生经》亦有记载大象舍己救人,以及六牙象王等。本像刻画象眼往上方凝望,颇有依恋之意,象首则向前,保持骑者(即应为普贤菩萨)稳定安坐。
比较数大理石例,其一出土自西安北部,现存于西安文物考古研究所,图载于《The Glory of the Silk Road: Art form Ancient China》,The Dayton Art Institute,代顿,2003年,编号78。另一例售于纽约佳士得2008年3月19日,编号392。此外尚可比较白釉象形烛台数例,包括纽约苏富比曾出售一例,象身装饰华丽,售于2001年10月17日,编号96,另一例售于香港佳士得2016年6月1日,编号3102。
中国艺匠所塑造的大象形象,象首多饰T形束带,可见前述例作。本像象首则饰对角十字交叉头罩,与部份犍陀罗作例相近,包括一片岩例,现存于大阪正木美术馆,断代二或三世纪,图见《「墨の彩」:正木美术馆开馆30周年记念展図録》,根津美术馆,东京,1998年,编号82,售于纽约苏富比2012年9月11日,编号104。正木美术馆所藏作例刻画头罩覆盖象面,或更接近实用骑具形像,而本品则仅遮盖象首头顶,更偏装饰性,明显具备汉象造型传统,但亦可见其受了外来石雕风格影响。
https://www.sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/lot.18.html/2018/junkunc-chinese-buddhist-sculpture-n09905
南宋 夹纻干漆罗汉首像
高:28厘米
成交价:87,500 美元
A DRY LACQUER HEAD OF A LUOHAN SOUTHERN SONG DYNASTY
the hollow head sensitively executed, the expressive face with a prominent brow above almond-shaped eyes, wide open and inset with black glass bead pupils, the nose slightly hooked above the straight mouth, applied overall with brown lacquer flaked in parts to reveal the hemp layers below
Height 11 in., 28 cm
来源:
Nagatani, Inc., Chicago, 2nd November 1959.
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d. 1978).
Nagatani, Inc.,芝加哥,1959年11月2日
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
相关介绍:
写实风格之佛像,在宋代尤受欢迎。本像所用之夹纻干漆工艺,与造像满富表现力之风格浑然吻合,所成宗教造型之写实度,其他材质及手法难及。
干漆夹纻起始以木柱为蕊,泥塑作模,贴蘸漆麻布以为胎。复施重漆,巧工精雕,敷彩添色,最后割开背面取出木蕊泥坯,只余薄麻漆层,脱胎成像。此法工法繁复,制作艰巨,大费周章,加上干漆纤巧,易于损坏,故此现存宋代宗教夹纻干漆造像甚为鲜见。
比较一罗汉首像,现存于波士顿美术博物馆,出自 Charles B. Hoyt 收藏,曾展于《The Charles B. HoytCollection. Memorial Exhibition》,波士顿美术博物馆,1952年,编号533。另比一例,断代辽至金,现存于堪萨斯纳尔逊-阿特金斯艺术博物馆,图载于 Laurence Sickman 及 Alexander Soper,《The Art and Architecture of China》,巴尔的摩,1960年,图版82。
https://www.sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/lot.16.html/2018/junkunc-chinese-buddhist-sculpture-n09905
唐 铜鎏金佛像台座
宽:16.5 cm
成交价:50,000美元
后加铭文:
大魏熙平元年十月八日 林师德为亡父母己身眷属一切众生敬造尊像
A GILT-BRONZE ALTAR STAND TANG DYNASTY
the rectangular pedestal supported on high corner legs joined by struts with barbed aprons, the front corners with balustrades set with lotus-bud finials, enclosing two muscular lokapalas flanking a central figure of an acolyte or Buddhist monk standing atop a lotus to the center, a fragment of a figure, possibly an apsara, to the central front face, three rectangular apertures that would have originally supported a trinity of principal figures behind, the reverse with later-inscribed dedicatory inscription translating to 'respectfully made by Lin Shide for parents on the 8th day in the 10th month of the 1st year of Xiping during Northern Wei'
Width 6 1/2 in., 16.5 cm
来源:
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d. 1978).
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
相关介绍:
此台座赫然夺目,应原奉佛三尊像,现座上仍留有护法像三尊,时曾随侍左右。台座下沿饰锯齿纹,护法天王体格魁梧,台角作围栏,此均为唐代中至晚期风格。
唐代佛像台座,存世者若干,所奉造像多有变改或经后配。可比中唐二例,藏旧金山亚洲艺术博物馆,录René-Yvon Lefebvre d'Argencé,《Chinese, Korean andJapanese Sculpture in The Avery Brundage Collection》,东京,1974年,图版92-93。另比一例,贮西雅图亚洲艺术博物馆,载 Hugo Munsterberg,《Chinese Buddhist Bronzes》,东京,1967年,图版119,依作者述,该例为拼配而成。
https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/ecatalogue/2018/junkunc-chinese-buddhist-sculpture-n09905/lot.1.html
隋 / 唐初 铜鎏金观音立像
高:9.9 cm
成交价:112,500 美元
A SMALL GILT-BRONZE FIGURE OF AVALOKITESHVARA
SUI / EARLY TANG DYNASTY
finely cast in the form of the bodhisattva Avalokiteshvara standing elegantly in tribhanga atop a hexagonal lotus base, the delicate and slender figure portrayed with the left elbow bent and holding a long willow branch, with a globular kamandalu bottle in the right, adorned in a dhoti and long scarves draped over the shoulders and arms, the downcast gaze surmounted by an elaborate headdress, the back of the head with a small loop for the attachment of a mandorla
Height 3 7/8 in., 9.9 cm
来源:
C.T. Loo, Paris.
Collection of Sir Percival David (1892-1964), until November 1939.
Frank Caro, successor to C.T. Loo, New York, 26th February 1953.
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d. 1978).
卢芹斋,巴黎
大维德爵士(1892-1964)收藏,至1939年11月
弗兰克•卡罗(卢芹斋继任人),纽约,1953年2月26日
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
相关介绍:
此尊观音菩萨金姿宝相铸造精良,虽依隋代经典之制,然趋唐代丰腴之韵。身形婀娜,体态俊雅,如是造型早在此像已见滥觞,后至唐代愈加发展。
隋唐所塑观音形象多具贵冑气概,佩宝珠,戴华冠,一手托净瓶,为信众调苦解厄,绵延福寿,一手持杨柳,亦有除病祛痛之效。
可比一相类隋代观音像,载松原三郎,《中国仏教雕刻史研究:特に金铜仏及び石窟造像以外の石仏についての论考》,东京,1966年,图版293。另有二例,传乃隋代成熟期风格,其一,纪595年,伦敦大英博物馆蓄,其二,东京细川氏藏,均录 Hugo Munsterberg,《Chinese Buddhist Bronzes》,东京,1967年,图版49及50。
https://www.sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/lot.11.html/2018/junkunc-chinese-buddhist-sculpture-n09905
唐 铜鎏金观音坐像
高:8.1 cm
成交价:118,750 美元
A SMALL GILT-BRONZE FIGURE OF AVALOKITESHVARA
TANG DYNASTY
finely cast with the bodhisattva seated in lalitsana atop a lotus throne, the proper right arm raised and bearing a lotus flower whilst the proper left hand rests on the left knee, the bare chest adorned with beaded necklaces and the dhoti secured at the waist and falling in folds over the lotus throne, all raised on a square pedestal base
Height 3 1/4 in., 8.1 cm
来源:
Nagatani, Inc., Chicago, 1st November 1956.
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d. 1978).
Nagatani, Inc.,芝加哥,1956年11月1日
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
相关介绍:
观音造像半跏而坐,坐姿闲适,绰约优雅,可见唐代以铜鎏金铸像塑形、传情表态之技艺已相当成熟。同时其他材质之造像亦呈百花齐放之势,异彩纷呈,且造像风格均为丰腴圆润之态。
可比一七世纪中期较小菩萨像(高10.2公分),原属 Ivan Hart 旧藏,图见 Hugo Munsterberg,《Chinese Buddhist Bronzes》,东京,1967年,图版66。
2019 琼肯:中国高古艺术
(https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/2019/junkunc-arts-of-ancient-china-n10030.html)
https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/ecatalogue/2019/junkunc-arts-of-ancient-china-n10030/lot.125.html
北齐干明元年(560年)大理石雕加彩双观世音像
高:50.8 cm
成交价:250,000 美元
铭文:
干明元年四月十五日大交村邑义母人七十五人等敬造双观世音像一躯上为皇帝陛下师僧父法界众生俱共成佛比丘尼法朗比丘尼智沃维那李何香王赐姬维那卫零姬张国王维那姚迎男赵女赐程阿朱戎阿妃封洽姿卫画妃宋白鸟杨阿臣霍阿女孙爱姬张明胜高兰姿马阿美马□姿王阿小马阿胜卫阿□赵光□王家乡杜□□程阿□□□寅□□容赵爱姜□向花米舍姬魏阿量□□花贾三花赵敬□□□□乐阿容乐门贵董明开赵佂妙阎琉璃周文女赵阿令郑阿美孟阿氏胡□□邓南女武光姬高恩苼高阿大李阿女樊阿飞张阿未张兰姜孙画姿瞿三胜卫思男马舍姬杨阿姜王法姿孟阿贵李阿花郄定姜卫阳女韩敬容杨阿容杨阿女高阿姬解忧昙杜阿严高伏姜任始姜张阿丑
A PAINTED MARBLE DOUBLE BODHISATTVA STELE
NORTHERN QI DYNASTY, DATED TO THE FIRST YEAR OF THE QIANMING PERIOD, CORRESPONDING TO 560
carved with twin Avalokiteshvara standing side by side in similar poses, each holding a flower bud in the raised proper right hand, wearing a diadem with ribbons hanging down over the shoulders, the robes festooned with numerous sashes crossed over the body and skirt, the bodhisattvas standing barefoot on domed lotus-pedestal bases, backed by a tall peaked mandorla, polychrome painted with halos behind the heads, large flowers between the figures leading up to a white stupa near the apex, the whole supported by the rectangular base, inscribed to each side with a dedicatory inscription and dated the first year of the Qianming period, corresponding to 560
Height 20 in., 50.8 cm
来源:
Tonying & Company, New York, 26th November 1957.
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d. 1978).
通运公司,纽约,1957年11月26日
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
相关介绍:
北齐,中国石雕艺术高峰时期之一,艺匠开始注重人体结构与美态,本品反映此时艺术发展成就,弥足珍贵。本碑刻画菩萨身躯圆腴丰润,线条起伏有致,衣袍飘逸,体现时人对追求自然之美,并象征雕塑式样从北魏的抽象风格递演。本品另一罕有之处在于碑上颜彩保存良好,透露古物原有风华。
东魏、西魏以降,北齐、北周两朝在中原东西两方对峙,时局变迁对中国佛教学说和艺术影响深远。北魏艺术中可见贵霜王朝犍陀罗和秣菟罗派风貌,北齐匠人则更钟情笈多王朝对曼妙形体的昭显。此刻画手法以河南与河北交界、古都邺城附近响堂山南北石窟群之石雕最为显著,亦见于用作祈福之奉佛碑,本品诚为一例。此等造像身躯趋向浑圆,衣袍平素淡雅,有别于前朝造像褒衣博带之风格,面容仪态亦更为自然。
上述美学风格转变之时,正值《法华经》(即《妙法莲华经》)广为流传、《月藏经》渐为人知之时,故此推动佛教艺术图像化之传播。空中宝塔,乃此时期佛碑一大特色,相信出自《法华经》本地、垂迹二门其中一门讲述的事迹。据《见宝塔品》载,释迦说法时,有七宝塔「从地涌出,住在空中」,正是近成之佛释迦牟尼与久成之佛多宝如来相会的场景(参见 J. LeroyDavidson,《The Lotus Sutra in Chinese Art. A Studyin Buddhist Art of the Year 1000》,纽黑文,1954年,页5)。《法华经》第十一品记述,释迦牟尼告诸众人,空中宝塔内坐着久远劫前成佛的多宝如来,他在入涅盘前作大誓愿:有说《法华经》处,宝塔将涌现其前,证其真义(参见 Michael Pye,《Skilful Means. A Concept in MahayanaBuddhism》,伦敦,2005年,页69)。
汉室覆灭,北魏分裂,导致时局动荡,加诸五世纪中叶太武灭佛,种种因由,致使《月藏经》追随者众。经文「末法」预言佛教衰微。Angela F. Howard在《Archives of Asian Art》,期49,1996年,第10页撰文〈Buddhist CaveSculptures of the Northern Qi Dynasty: Shaping a New Style, Formulating NewIconographies〉推测,石雕上明显的宝塔图案,「或许代表信众渴望自保,免受即将降临之劫难所伤」。
河北省曲阳县修德寺遗址曾出土2,200多件北魏至唐代雕像,本品与当中某些北齐造像碑颇为相类。这组造像碑最早由杨伯达详细论及,参见〈曲阳修德寺出土纪年造像的艺术风格与特征〉,《故宫博物院院刊》期2,1960年,页43-60;文章最近重新发表在《故宫博物院藏品大系·雕塑编》,卷7,北京,2011年,当中收录六座双菩萨连背光立像碑,图版129-134。此六碑的菩萨像均微微前倾,腰系束带,发冠造型与本品相近。修德寺曾出百余尊刻有北齐年款之碑像。此类碑多取白色大理石材,时于河北曲阳地区极受推崇。
有一近例,亦带雕刻底座,现藏大阪市立美术馆,载于松原三郎,《中国仏敎雕刻史论》,东京,1995年,卷II,图版408a;另刊录两例较小品,图版414,编号b及c。另有两例,尺寸较小,售于纽约苏富比1980年11月8日,编号57及1991年11月26日,编号413。
https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/ecatalogue/2019/junkunc-arts-of-ancient-china-n10030/lot.120.html
唐大理石雕菩萨立像
高:94 cm
成交价:740,000 美元
A LARGE AND RARE WHITE MARBLE CARVING OF A BODHISATTVA
TANG DYNASTY
beautifully carved in the round, standing in contrapposto with a basket held in the proper right hand, the body lavishly adorned with beaded necklaces in scalloped tiers and jeweled pendants, an elaborate multi-strand necklace harness crossed over the sensual, rounded belly and looped to either side, pendent over the arms, the lower section of the necklace hanging just above the ankles and centered by a floriform pendant, the dhoti ribbon-tied at the waist beneath a chain belt, hanging in folds cascading from the contours of the legs, the head with a five-pointed diadem, all supported on a lotus base, further raised on a later stone lotus base with four mystical creatures supported by a square plinth (2)
Height overall 37 in., 94 cm
来源:
Collection of Ralph King (1855-1926).
Cleveland Museum of Art, from 1915.
William H. Wolff, New York, circa 1965.
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d. 1978).
Ralph King(1855-1926) 收藏
克利夫兰艺术博物馆,自1915年起
William H. Wolff,纽约,约1965年
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
展览:
The Cleveland Museum of Art. Catalogue of the Inaugural Exhibition, The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, 1916, p. 172, no. 32, ill. pl. 315.
《The Cleveland Museum of Art. Catalogue ofthe Inaugural Exhibition》,克利夫兰艺术博物馆,克利夫兰,1916年,页172,编号32,图版315
出版:
‘A Stone Statue of Guanyin’, The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art, vol. 3 (November 1915), p. 3.
William H. Wolff Yearbook of Far Eastern Art, New York, 1965.
〈A Stone Statue of Guanyin〉,《The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art》,期3(1915年11月),页3
《William H. Wolff Yearbook of Far Eastern Art》,纽约,1965年
相关资料:
此像面容庄严沉静,衣饰精美华丽,珠围翠绕,身形婀娜高挑,发冠雕刻精致,令人观之顿生崇敬之感、虔诚之心。正如1915年克利夫兰美术馆《The Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art》文中所述:「此像神态之逼真,面容之庄重,花饰之华美,雕工之精湛,比例之完美,堪称绝代,无有可比。菩萨乃慈悲怜悯,普渡众生之化身,今此像栩栩立于眼前,便可一窥遥远异国宗教之精髓。左臂虽残,然面部线条之饱满,眉目刻画之柔美,雾鬓风鬟,衣裙华贵,着实美哉!」
佛教自公元一世纪引入中国以来,佛像即深受重视,像亦含其神,乃佛祖菩萨与众生沟通之桥梁。Helmut Brinker 于其文〈Early Buddhist Art in China〉中曾指出,佛像并非单纯艺术创作,亦乃佛教精髓之体现,见《Return of theBuddha. The Qingzhou Discoveries》,皇家艺术学院,伦敦,2002年,页22-33。佛经与佛像最初由僧人西行印度及中亚各地带回,为后世佛像创作提供严格指导。如本像所见,菩萨衣饰富丽华贵乃遵循佛经中之细节描绘,精美珠宝体现极致繁华,更衬托其超然脱俗、平和恬淡之心境。
由隋入唐,佛教造像风格更为自然写实。此像承上启下,体现隋唐审美之转变。魏晋南北朝战乱分裂长达三百余年,至581年隋朝方一统南北,而后高祖李渊建立唐朝。唐代国力鼎盛,经济、军事、外交等方面空前繁荣,科举制度日渐完善,社会精英阶层新贵崛起。都城长安百业兴旺,规模宏大,声名远播,人口曾达两百余万,异国来朝者众多,皆乐于安居于此。
唐代初期,宫廷尚佛,兴建佛寺,鼓励僧人西行取经。武则天尤重礼佛,御令开凿石窟,于龙门奉先寺造大卢舍那像龛,意在借佛教之力巩固皇权统治。此时佛教造像已见唐代新风,正如本像所见,样貌更近人形,身躯微侧,体态自然,衣褶垂坠飘逸,灵动逼真。与隋代之抽象诠释相较,更为细腻鲜活。此自然之风日盛,至八世纪时,佛像已极具逼真写实之态,体态肌理,面容身形,皆栩栩如生。
龙门石窟极南洞见一相类菩萨像,衣饰刻画与本像风格相似,录于《世界美术大全集·东洋编卷4:隋·唐》,东京,1999 年,图版103。亦可比较万佛洞菩萨像两例,分列坐佛两侧,载于《中国美术全集·雕塑编》,卷11,上海,1988年,图版140。亦见一佛首残像例,哲敬堂珍藏,特征与本像相近,传为龙门所出,刊于《龙门流散雕像集》,上海,1993年,图版71。
然此像为独立全身像,与龙门石窟之浮雕不同。其时独立雕像已为少见,此像雕工卓绝,大理石作,尤为珍罕。唐代此类大理石作独立佛像,多属后期发展风格。可参考一大理石佛身残像,出土于西安,载于《中国美术全集·雕塑编》,卷4,北京,1988年,图版53;纳尔逊-阿特金斯艺术馆亦藏一较小残件,展并录于《中国古代石雕艺术》,国立历史博物馆,台北,1983年,编号28;波士顿美术馆亦藏一例,见于博物馆网站,藏品编号07.10。第四例为 Evelyn Annenberg Hall 旧藏,售于纽约佳士得2006年3月29日,编号182。上海博物馆藏一大理石菩萨跪像,刊于《中国古代雕塑馆》,上海,2000年,页25。1959年西安出土密宗造像十件,或原为长安安国寺所存,其中两例录于 Angela FalcoHoward 编《Chinese Sculpture》,纽黑文,2006年,图版3.121及3.122;另一例藏波士顿美术馆,见于博物馆网站,藏品编号12.63。
虽未见与本像相似之大理石观音立像见诸出版,然可比较两相近木雕例,其一藏奈良东大寺,载于松原三郎,《中国仏教雕刻史论》,东京,1995年,卷3,图版634。其二藏克利夫兰美术馆,载于《海外遗珍·佛像》,卷2,台北,1990年,图版126。
唐代为佛教鼎盛时期。汉末至南北朝割据分裂不断,隋唐一统中原,结束战乱,而后佛教净土宗日渐兴盛。净土宗专修阿弥陀佛净土之法门,又以菩萨为尊,众生皆可修行,以登西方极乐,免受轮回之苦。阿弥陀佛与菩萨造像因而广为流传,观音尤甚。观音慈悲为怀,普渡众生,六世纪时已见多种形象,本像即为其中典型形象之一。
https://www.sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/lot.138.html/2019/junkunc-arts-of-ancient-china-n10030
隋开皇十年(590年)黄花石雕天尊王像
高:18.7 cm
铭文:
开皇十年岁次庚戌九月乙酉朔九日道民李神茂敬造天尊王像一区愿使七世而生父母拔离三诠又愿子孙昌炽普成至道
AN INSCRIBED HUANGHUASHI STELE OF A DAOIST FIGURE
SUI DYNASTY, DATED 10TH YEAR OF THE KAIHUANG PERIOD, CORRESPONDING TO 590
carved seated cross-legged with a tripod armrest encircling the front half of the torso, wearing a small scholar's cap, the face with a pointed beard and eyes closed in meditation, the stocky body clothed in an interior garment crossed over the chest, with an outer robe open and hanging in creased folds, the hands atop the armrest and the proper right hand holding a small vessel, all supported on a rectangular base, inscribed to the front and one side, dated tenth year of the Kaihuang period, corresponding to 590
Height 7 3/8 in., 18.7 cm
来源:
Tonying & Company, Inc, New York, 15th February 1946.
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d. 1978).
通运公司,纽约,1946年2月15日
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
相关介绍:
观此像,面长须,束发冠,扶三足托,应为道德天尊,即老子。此时期之道教圣像深富历史价值,展示当时道教与佛教信仰刚正式成形伊始,两者之间分界灵活变通,有时兼可合一。像碑背光尖顶、天尊结莲花坐,以及于方形座上刻铭文等特点,亦见于同期佛教石碑。此外,从圆雕天尊像身、道袍以精细线条刻划,亦可见道教与佛教造像工艺之交流对话。
汉朝衰亡,对道教发展影响深远,从道家哲学转化成宗教信仰,兼具特定宗教活动。其中变化,源自东汉张道陵。张道陵自称太上老君命其为天师,所创教派后来发展为天师道。首部提及老子之书乃司马迁之《史记》,刻画老子为圣之造像,则出现于二及三世纪,与最早期之佛教造像出现于同期。在此期间,老子被奉为圣,尊称太上。
比较一例,石质不同,纪588年,曾展于《中国の石仏 : 荘厳なる祈り》,大阪市立美术馆,大阪,1995年,编号 131;另一例纪587年,两弟子立于狮上,现藏于波士顿美术博物馆,曾展于《Taoism and theArts of China》,芝加哥艺术博物馆,芝加哥,2000年,编号32,同展并包括一唐朝作例,现藏于菲尔德自然史博物馆,芝加哥,编号42;北周石碑例,刻天尊及两弟子,纪566年,现藏于东京大学,图见《六朝の美术》,大阪,1976年,图版255;波士顿美术博物馆收藏另一例,载于该馆网站,藏品编号07.741;再比一例,刻开元二十九年,即741年,芮城县博物馆,曾展于《观妙观徼: 山西省馆藏道敎文物》香港大学美术博物馆,2003年,编号79。
https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/ecatalogue/2019/junkunc-arts-of-ancient-china-n10030/lot.132.html
北齐大理石雕坐狮
高:103.6 cm
A MAGNIFICENT LARGE WHITE MARBLE LION
NORTHERN QI DYNASTY
stately modeled, the mighty beast carved seated on its haunches with forelegs outstretched and powerful paws firmly planted, its head held up and facing forward, shown with a fierce expression, the mouth open in a roar below large rounded eyes and thick bushy brows, all framed by a long mane falling into spiraling curls, its muscular back with two gently raised ridges, extending to a tail curling over the right, all raised on a rectangular base, the stone of mottled gray-buff color
Height 40 3/4 in., 103.6 cm
来源:
Nagatani, Inc., Chicago, 1st June 1954.
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d. 1978).
Nagatani, Inc.,芝加哥,1954年6月1日
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
展览:
Treasures of Chicago Collectors, Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago, 1961.
《Treasures of Chicago Collectors》,芝加哥艺术博物馆,芝加哥,1961年
相关介绍:
此狮伟岸雄健,威仪凛然,虽伏坐在地,然劲骨丰肌,面目庄肃,如欲一跃而起。狮身魁硕,造像之人于此石材仍可游刃自如,不论彪躯塑造,抑或口鼻刻画,皆见匠心,复以卷曲鬣毛与之相映。北齐鲜造圆雕石狮像,庞然如斯且大理石造者,尤为罕有。
以大石塑神兽源自汉代墓葬传统,陵前甬道设石兽,成对而列。
而狮子兼有佛教寓意,此尊或更属此类。北齐皇室高氏笃奉佛教,广修佛寺。就北齐帝王如何影响佛教传播,陈金华着有详述,见〈Buddhism underthe Northern Qi〉,《Echoes of the Past》,斯马特美术馆,芝加哥大学,芝加哥,2010年,页3。据传,文宣帝曾向高僧僧稠发下宏愿,布施全国营收三分之一,以弘佛法。故此,据载北齐一朝,仅王都便有寺剎四千。
北印度秣菟罗及巴基斯坦犍陀罗所出之佛陀早期形象多以二狮胁侍。在印度,狮子象征王权,二狮既颂佛陀王族渊源,又昭佛陀无边法力。得北魏鲜卑拓跋氏奉持,佛教传遍中土,又获北齐皇室供养,与中土信仰、修行产生交流,其图像风格亦受影响。石狮造像乃见此融合,形容怖畏,或分侍佛陀两侧,或护佑庙宇等清净之地。
论及风格,此狮不同于前朝北魏所造之抽象佛兽。狮身健硕,务求自然;鬣毛卷曲,纹丝不乱,与北魏以平行纹络刻画兽毛大相径庭。比河南龙门石窟古阳洞一北魏石狮,录《中国美术全集——雕塑编》,卷11,上海,1988年,图版6;一例较小,售于纽约苏富比1985年6月3日,编号25。
另比南响堂山石窟入口柱基两尊北齐石狮残像,录《响堂山石窟》,北京,2003年,图版47;同录三尊圆雕石狮,图版98至100;及一石狮,甚小,闭口,原坂本五郎旧藏,后售于香港苏富比2013年10月8日,编号128。仍比一例,较小,传造于北魏,然鬣毛与此尊相类,贮旧金山亚洲艺术博物馆,载 René-Yvon Lefebvre d’Argencé,《Chinese, Koreanand Japanese Sculpture in the Avery Brundage Collection》,旧金山,1974年,图版42。
https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/ecatalogue/2019/junkunc-arts-of-ancient-china-n10030/lot.130.html
隋大业元年(605年)石雕坐狮
宽:14.5 cm
铭文:大业元年二月造
AN EXCEPTIONALLY RARE INSCRIBED STONE LION
SUI DYNASTY, DATED DAYE 1ST YEAR, CORRESPONDING TO 605
powerfully carved, the muscular beast shown seated on its haunches licking its left foreleg, its head detailed with large rounded eyes below thick bushy brows, surmounted by pointed ears pressed back against the long mane flowering back over the neck, the arched back extending to a long bushy tail swept to the side, all raised on a rectangular base, inscribed to the front with a seven-character inscription translating to 'made in the second month of the first year of Daye', the stone of a mottled gray-buff color
Width 5 3/4 in., 14.5 cm
来源:
Nagatani, Inc., Chicago, 7th December 1957
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d. 1978).
Nagatani, Inc.,芝加哥,1957年12月7日
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
相关介绍:
本石雕捕捉瑞狮特征及神态,风格自然写实,不仅古雅秀丽,兼具历史价值,见证新现风格,对后朝影响甚深。
汉代有放置灵兽造像于重要陵墓前神道之传统,受此传统影响,隋朝以前石狮造像庄严肃穆,姿态端正,面貌形式化,富有象征性,但常常缺少写实自然之因素。
如此风格,亦见于隋朝。参考一对隋朝石狮例,出自艾弗里•布伦戴奇收藏,图载于 René-Yvon Lefebvre d'Argencé及 Diana Turner 编,《Chinese, Korean and Japanese Sculpturein the Avery Brundage Collection》,东京,1974年,图版78。与此同时,新风亦现,隋朝石匠对写实风格似乎甚为喜爱,雕刻动物造像力求神似,注重描绘动物动态,刻画更为精细。如此创新风格,相信早于七世纪初期出现,本品刻大业元年(605年)款,即可为证。目前存世一隋代石狮例,与本品相近,刻画瑞狮右足踏于幼狮之上,1975年陕西西安唐家寨出土,现藏于西安碑林博物馆。
隋灭唐立,新朝艺匠取隋朝新风,锦上添花,唐代石狮越见写实,姿态多样,形仿自然,肌理按照动作刻画,面貌细腻入微,神情生动。比较一唐代石狮例,纳尔逊-阿特金斯艺术博物馆收藏,载于 Roger Ward 及 Patricia J. Fidler,《The Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art. AHandbook of the Collection》,纽约,1993年,页308;另比四石狮例,姿态各异,载于喜仁龙,《ChineseSculpture from the Fifth to the Fourteenth Century》,卷 II,曼谷,1998年,图版435,图a-d;再比一对大理石狮,出自 Hugh Scott 参议员收藏,售于香港苏富比2017年4月4日,编号3062;另一例刻画瑞狮捕食,售于纽约苏富比1977年6月1日,编号371。
https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/ecatalogue/2019/junkunc-arts-of-ancient-china-n10030/lot.129.html
隋 / 唐铜鎏金菩萨坐像
高:15 cm
A GILT-BRONZE FIGURE OF A SEATED BODHISATTVA
SUI / TANG DYNASTY
the deity seated with a single leg crossed over a pendent leg, one hand raised up, the other resting on the knee, the dhoti and shawl draped over the shoulder and falling in natural folds around the contours of the body, adorned with an elaborate necklace and jeweled earrings, the face bearing a contemplative expression, the round face framed by long tresses falling across the shoulders, the figure seated on a round openwork stool further raised on a square openwork plinth, an openwork flame mandorla clasped to the back
Height 6 in., 15 cm
来源:
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d. 1978).
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
相关资料:
隋代造像倚重线条、结构,而至唐代则趋丰腴,此尊坐像铸造精雅,堪称隋唐之交风格演变之典范。神情端凝,身量圆实,且铸工爽利,于模铸焰状背光可见一斑,皆谓逸群。早至公元五世纪,中土便造青铜小像以塑佛及菩萨,然产量甚少。此类造像乃供私人奉持,多由供养人在家宅内设龛而置,于弘扬佛教及其形象亦功不可没。
虽无相近类例见诸刊载,然此尊实与初唐若干青铜造像颇有相似;比一青铜佛坐像,足结跏趺,面容、体态皆与此尊相仿,国立故宫博物院宝蓄,展于该院《金铜佛造像特展》,台北,1987年,编号80,旁有一相类菩萨像,编号79;另一青铜菩萨坐像,背光熛焰之刻画与此尊相若,录泉屋博古馆,《金铜仏》,东京,2004年,图版27。仍比两尊,传为隋代,藏国立故宫博物院,展于该院《法象威仪:彭楷栋先生捐赠文物特展》,台北,2004年,编号122及123,后者衣袍垂泄,亦类此尊。
此类造像多立于长方台座,座下透空,乃仿其时风行之木台座形制。可见一木制棋案,透空与此像底座相类,传为唐代,新疆吐鲁番出土,载《天山·古道·东西风》,北京,2002年,图版206。
https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/ecatalogue/2019/junkunc-arts-of-ancient-china-n10030/lot.139.html
公元前三 / 二世纪青铜马
高:13.3 cm
成交价:50,000 美元
A RARE BRONZE FIGURE OF A HORSE
3RD / 2ND CENTURY BC
well cast, the stocky, muscular steed depicted standing four square leaning back slightly on its hind legs, its head held high, with rounded eyes, flaring nostrils, and opened mouth revealing the teeth, its pricked ears flanking its hogged mane extending down the neck, its tail curled high forming a small loop, the surface mottled with patches of malachite encrustation, wood stand (2)
Height 5 1/4 in., 13.3 cm
来源:
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d. 1978), acquired prior to September 1952.
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏,购于1952年9月之前
出版:
'Oak Park Resident Keeps Priceless Collection of Oriental Art in Bomb Shelter', Chicago Tribune, 7th September 1952, part III, p. 1.
〈Oak Park Resident Keeps Priceless Collectionof Oriental Art in Bomb Shelter〉,《芝加哥论坛报》,1952年9月7日,版III,页1
相关介绍:
本品尺寸较同类者更大,颇为罕见。参考一鄂尔多斯式青铜马相近例,尺寸略小,E.Bennett 夫人收藏,曾展于《The Exhibition of Chinese Art》,柏林,1929年,编号89,售于伦敦苏富比1955年5月24日,编号26。此类马多见小尺寸者,如见一例,卢芹斋收藏,载《Alfred Salmony, Sino-Siberian Art, in the Collection of C.T.Loo》,巴黎,1933年,图版XXXV,图6。另可参考四例,其一为 Frau E. Rosenheim 旧藏,亦曾展于柏林,出处同上,编号129,后自 E.Bennett 收藏释出,售于伦敦苏富比1955年5月24日,编号21, 继由 Walter Sedgwick 夫人收藏售出于伦敦苏富比1968年7月2日,编号16;另见一例,售于伦敦苏富比1979年12月11日,编号53;再见一对例,Lester Wolfe 收藏,售于纽约苏富比1983年12月7日,编号73。
另可参考一战国青铜马例,藏笛洋美术馆,旧金山,出自艾弗里•布伦戴奇收藏,录 René-Yvon Lefebvre d'Argencé,《Ancient Chinese Bronzes in the AveryBrundage Collection》,伯克利,1966年,图版XLVIII,编号C;另一例售于伦敦苏富比1974年2月20日,编号303。
https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/ecatalogue/2019/junkunc-arts-of-ancient-china-n10030/lot.124.html
战国铜错金银夔龙纹兽首承弓器
长:32 cm
成交价:175,000 美元
AN SPLENDID AND RARE GOLD AND SILVER-INLAID BRONZE CROSSBOW FITTING
WARRING STATES PERIOD
the rectangular hollow section terminating in a mythical beast head detailed with large protruding eyes and flared nostrils, its lower jaw curving upward extending into a long sinuous neck and bird head depicted with rounded eyes and a hooked beak, the surface inlaid in gold and silver with abstract kuilong and scrolls, the surface with some areas of malachite encrustation
Length 12 5/8 in., 32 cm
来源:
Alice Boney, New York, 29th May 1957.
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d. 1978).
艾丽斯•庞耐,纽约,1957年5月29日
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
相关介绍:
此类承弓器多数成对与战车同时出土,其功用乃学者长久以来研究题目。比较一对铜错银承弓器,河南洛阳战国古墓出土,见洛阳博物馆,〈洛阳中州路战国车马坑〉,《考古》,卷3,1974年,页174,图1。据考古报告记载,此对承弓器出土时位置乃战车左侧,于弩木臂前方。该报告述,此类承弓器应置于弩木臂前端作承托弓弦之用,上翘弧尾则为瞄准之用。重组模拟图见洛阳博物馆,前述出处,页177,图7。
其他学者则据上述考古发现另作推论,认为承弓器乃放置弓弩之固定支架,两件承弓器装于战车前半左侧射手座位旁边,弩弓朝下置于承弓器弯臂上,弩臂斜上放置,便于迅速拔取。
本品前端作鸟首饰,于存世类者之中颇为罕见。可参考一相类鸟首错银例,现藏于艾弗里•布伦戴奇收藏,载于 René-Yvon Lefebvre d'Argencé,《Ancient Chinese Bronzes in the AveryBrundage Collection》,柏克莱,1966年,图版XLIX,图B。另比一对蛇首错金银例,曾展于《Chinese Art of the Warring StatesPeriod. Change and Continuity, 480-222 B.C.》,弗瑞尔美术馆,华盛顿,1982年,编号26;再比一对例,载于《Chinesische Goldund Silber. Die Sammling Pierre Uldry》,雷特伯格博物馆,苏黎世,1994年,编号28a;Ernest Erickson 基金会曾收藏单件例,售于纽约苏富比1989年12月6日,编号32;尚有一对例,无纹饰,售于纽约苏富比1978年11月4日,编号277。
https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/ecatalogue/2019/junkunc-arts-of-ancient-china-n10030/lot.122.html
汉铜鎏金朱雀
长:13.4 cm
成交价:162,500 美元
AN EXTREMELY RARE GILT-BRONZE FIGURE OF A PHOENIX
HAN DYNASTY
solidly cast, the mythical bird cast standing with its wings folded back against its body and its tail fanned out behind it in five broad plumes, the head held high and clasping a 'pearl' in its open beak, the face with bulging eyes beneath a crested crown, the sturdy legs terminating in large upturned talons, the surface incised with feather markings, with an circular loop to the back of the neck, wood stand (2)
Length 5 1/4 in., 13.4 cm
来源:
C.T. Loo, New York, 12th June 1946.
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d. 1978).
卢芹斋,纽约,1946年6月12日
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
出版:
'Oak Park Resident Keeps Priceless Collection of Oriental Art in Bomb Shelter', Chicago Tribune, 7th September 1952, part III, p. 1.
〈Oak Park Resident Keeps Priceless Collectionof Oriental Art in Bomb Shelter〉,《芝加哥论坛报》,1952年9月7日,部III,页1
相关介绍:
本品汉代铜鎏金朱雀极其珍罕,据记载并无相近作例可比,唯可参考一相类例,尺寸较小,断代西汉,喙亦衔珠,拢翅,尾部刻画更为细致繁缛,曾展于《Ancient Chinese Bronzes》,J.J. Lally & Co.,纽约,2011年,编号20。
本品后部见一小孔,表明或曾有实用之处。朱雀,古时亦称凤凰,与青龙、白虎、玄武合称四灵(又称四象),常见于汉代装饰。
参考一奁例,盖顶饰铜鎏金凤凰,断代汉朝早期,曾展于水野清一,《天理参考馆図录》,奈良,1967年,图版74;另比一铜朱雀例,振翅,1959年河北定县北庄汉墓出土,载于〈定县北庄汉墓出土文物简报〉,《文物》,期12,图版1,图3,其标注为铜器盖饰件;再比一类例,2003年山东省平度市六曲山出土,现藏于山东平度市博物馆;尚有一例,尺寸较小,纹饰亦较简,出土自河北省八丈村汉墓,现藏于河北沧州博物馆。旧金山亚洲艺术博物馆收藏一铜鎏金崁绿松石例,出自艾弗里•布伦戴奇收藏,该馆标其为孔雀,载于 René-Yvon Lefebvre d'Argencé,《Chinese, Korean and Japanese Sculpturein the Avery Brundage Collection》,东京,1974年,编号16。
另比一汉代铜灯例,灯身作朱雀振翅状,尾部上翘,喙衔圆形油盘,河北省满城汉墓出土,载于《满城汉墓发掘报告》,册下,北京,1980年,图版XXIV,同文并载一嵌宝铜鎏金朱雀衔环杯例,图版XXV;再比一例,汉代绿釉陶灯,灯盘上塑朱雀,作振翅飞翔状,喙亦衔珠,载于水野清一,前述出处,图版171。
https://www.sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/lot.119.html/2019/junkunc-arts-of-ancient-china-n10030
唐铜鎏金护法狮
高:8 cm
成交价:68,750 美元
A RARE GILT-BRONZE FIGURE OF A LION
TANG DYNASTY
stately modeled seated on its haunches, the powerful forelegs firmly planted, the head detailed with fierce protruding rounded eyes, thick brows, agape mouth revealing teeth and sharp fangs, and leaf-shaped ears swept to the back, long mane falling into luxurious spiraling curls, the long bushy tail turned upward against its back, all raised on a circular pedestal base of pendent lotus petals
Height 3 1/8 in., 8 cm
来源:
Moy Fook Wah Family Collection.
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d. 1978).
Moy Fook Wah 家族收藏
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/ecatalogue/2019/junkunc-arts-of-ancient-china-n10030/lot.116.html
六朝铜鎏金龙
长:12.7 cm
成交价:375,000 美元
AN EXCEPTIONAL GILT-BRONZE DRAGON
SIX DYNASTIES
superbly modeled, the striding dragon cast in suspended movement, its elongated sinewy body raised on four powerful limbs terminating in three-clawed paws, trailed by a long curling tail, the imperious head held high and proud atop a slender S-shaped neck, with a single horn above protruding oval-shaped eyes and a long upturned snout exposing its sharp fangs, the body and mane finely detailed with neatly incised lines, richly gilded and with traces of malachite encrustation
Length 5 in., 12.7 cm
来源:
Tonying & Co., New York, 15th February 1946.
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d. 1978).
通运公司,纽约,1946年2月15日
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
出版:
'Oak Park Resident Keeps Priceless Collection of Oriental Art in Bomb Shelter', Chicago Tribune, 7th September 1952, part III, p. 1.
〈Oak Park Resident Keeps Priceless Collectionof Oriental Art in Bomb Shelter〉,《芝加哥论坛报》,1952年9月7日,版III,页1
相关介绍:
鎏金走龙身形修长舒展,如行云流水,四肢壮硕刚劲,勾爪居牙,顿觉精神抖擞、活力四射;龙,于中国传统认知体系,乃正气浩然,至大至刚之神物,与本品所呈雄健气概完美契合;此类六朝制走龙摆件量罕质精,如今存世稀珍,甚为难得。
自有载以来,龙便为神兽,又言「真龙天子」,素为皇帝象征;中国神话更视青龙与白虎、朱雀、玄武四灵兽为四象,各镇东、西、南、北一方,分掌四季,以保福泰永年。西汉伊始,频见此四神兽同饰于铜镜及墓葬陈设。
此龙体态轻盈矫捷,极富张力,可比1926年河南洛阳北魏元徽墓出土墓志盖上所刻龙纹边框,造型与本例颇为相仿,此碑现存西安碑林博物馆,图载于西川宁,《中国碑林》,东京,1966年,图版120-125。再比河南邓县南朝墓葬出土之画像砖,上饰四方灵兽,龙纹风格与此亦是极为雷同,图录于朱安耐,〈邓县:一座六朝时代的重要墓葬〉,《亚洲艺术》,附录XXXVII,1980年,图22。
可见一对相若鎏金铜走龙例,北美收藏家温索甫于1931年10月购于卢芹斋,现藏哈佛艺术博物馆(图一),曾展并刊于《Grenville L.Winthrop: Retrospective for a Collector》,福格艺术博物馆,剑桥,麻省州,1969年,图录编号54。另有三近例,据传均于1928年出自洛阳金村古墓,图载于怀履光,《洛阳古城古墓考》,上海,1934年,图版LIV,编号133。另一例于1932年由纽约山中商会售出,现存纳尔逊-阿特金斯艺术博物馆,堪萨斯城(图二),录 Ross E. Taggart编,《Handbook of the Collection in the WilliamRockhill Nelson Gallery of Art and Mary Atkins Museum of Fine Arts》,堪萨斯城,密苏里州,1959年,页176(右下)。
可资一鎏金铜走龙例,尺寸略大,周身精刻龙鳞,细致入微,背见锯齿状脊,原属 Frederick Mayer旧藏,曾展并刊录于《Mostra d'Arte Cinese》,威尼斯。1954年,图录编号159,后售于伦敦佳士得1974年6月24至25日,编号143,再后由洛克菲勒三世借出展于《Art of the SixDynasties. Centuries of Change and Innovation》,China HouseGallery,纽约,1975年,编号37。另见一例,展《Animals and Animal Designs in ChineseArt》,Eskenazi Ltd.,伦敦,1998年,编号15。此外,亦见一较大无鎏金例,展《Six Dynasties art from the Norman A.Kurland collection》,Eskenazi Ltd,伦敦,2018年,编号10。同类走龙,还可对比一组体量稍大、形态各异作例。参考二例,前爪伏地,欲腾跃扑起状,其一藏旧金山亚洲艺术博物馆,图录于 Réne-Yvon Lefebvre d’Argencé编,《Chinese, Korean and Japanese Sculpturein the Avery Brundage Collection》,东京,1974年,图版28,其二贮布里斯托城市艺术画廊,图载 P.J. Donnelly,《The Animal in Chinese Art》,伦敦,1968年,图版I-c。另有一例,作弓身、右爪高抬状,普林斯顿大学艺术博物馆宝蓄,展并载录于《Dragons inChinese Art》,China House Gallery,纽约,1971年,编号23。
https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/ecatalogue/2019/junkunc-arts-of-ancient-china-n10030/lot.140.html
唐银局部鎏金錾花钗
长:23.6 cm
成交价:10,625 美元
A RARE PARCEL-GILT SILVER HAIRPIN
TANG DYNASTY
of thin silver sheet, the broad rounded top tapering to a double-pronged pin, decorated to one side with a central raised ridge following the shape of the hairpin, finely engraved and gilt with a stylized floral compound formed by formalized leafy foliate flower blossoms beneath a floral-shaped reserve
Length 9 1/4 in., 23.6 cm
https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/ecatalogue/2019/junkunc-arts-of-ancient-china-n10030/lot.137.html
唐铜鎏金錾花剪连镊
长:13.9 cm
成交价:68,750 美元
A VERY RARE GILT-BRONZE SCISSORS AND TWEEZERS SET
TANG DYNASTY
the scissors with the looped spring handle welded to flat pointed blades, each finely engraved to one side with a striding scaly dragon detailed with a long tail formed from stylized foliate scrolls, the other side with a pair of birds in flight among scrolling foliage, all reserved on a ring-punched ground, the loop end attached to a chain connecting the tweezers similarly decorated on each side with a bird amid foliate scrolls against a stipple ground
Length of scissors 5 1/2 in., 13.9 cm
来源:
Frank Caro, successor to C.T. Loo, New York, 29th October 1954.
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d. 1978).
弗兰克•卡罗(卢芹斋继任人),纽约,1954年10月29日
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
展览:
The Arts of the T'ang Dynasty, Los Angeles County Museum, Los Angeles, 1957, cat. no. 123.
《The Arts of the T'ang Dynasty》,洛杉矶郡艺术博物馆,洛杉矶,1957年,编号123
https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/ecatalogue/2019/junkunc-arts-of-ancient-china-n10030/lot.133.html
唐末铜鎏金錾海兽纹花式杯
宽:12 cm
A RARE ENGRAVED GILT-BRONZE STEM CUP
LATE TANG DYNASTY
the cup of elliptical octafoil form, embossed on either side with semicircles and raised on a splayed quatrefoil base formed by four lotus petals with extravagantly everted edges forming the foot, the interior centered with a single lappet in relief and engraved with fish and mythical beasts amidst dense over lapping waves, with floral sprays and scrolling leaves to the sides, the exterior of the cup plain, applied overall with a rich gilding, the surface flaked in parts revealing the bronze body
Width 4 3/4 in., 12 cm
来源:
Frank Caro, successor to C.T. Loo, New York, 11th October 1954.
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d. 1978).
弗兰克•卡罗(卢芹斋继任人),纽约,1954年10月11日
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/ecatalogue/2019/junkunc-arts-of-ancient-china-n10030/lot.131.html
唐银局部鎏金透空錾花凤凰纹钗一对
长:32.7 cm
成交价:85,000 美元
A RARE PAIR OF PARCEL-GILT SILVER 'PHOENIX' HAIRPINS
TANG DYNASTY
of thin silver sheet, each composed of a double-pronged pin terminating in a broad leaf-shaped finial, the openwork design worked in mirror image each depicting a phoenix in flight, grasping between its beaks a ribbon-tied knot, amid dense foliage scrolls, the details finely engraved (2)
Length 12 7/8 in., 32.7 cm
来源:
Frank Caro, successor to C.T. Loo, New York, 29th October 1954.
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d. 1978).
弗兰克•卡罗(卢芹斋继任人),纽约,1954年10月29日
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/ecatalogue/2019/junkunc-arts-of-ancient-china-n10030/lot.105.html
汉铜博戏俑席镇
高:7.5 cm
成交价:47,500 美元
A BRONZE MAT WEIGHT
HAN DYNASTY
cast in the round, the figure seated with the head bowed and legs tucked under, leaning on one arm, the other resting on the knee, wearing a voluminous robe with the long sleeves concealing the hands, the face incised with bushy brows and beard with a broad nose, extensive remnants of red pigment, the hollow interior filled with lead
Height 3 in., 7.5 cm
https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/ecatalogue/2019/junkunc-arts-of-ancient-china-n10030/lot.103.html
东周春秋青铜游兽擒鸟纹戈
宽:17 cm
成交价:52,500 美元
A RARE ARCHAIC BRONZE CEREMONIAL HALBERD BLADE (GE)
EASTERN ZHOU DYNASTY, SPRING AND AUTUMN PERIOD
well cast with the gently curved yuan extending to the nei in the form of a ferocious mythical feline with mouth agape revealing sharp fangs, its sinuous scaly body terminating in muscular limbs and sharp claws, grasping a bird facing in the opposite direction detailed with large rounded eyes and hooked beak, all above the qiong pierced with a small circular chuan below a band of intertwined waves against a stippled ground, the surface patinated with patches of malachite encrustation
Width 6 3/4 in., 17 cm
来源:
Frank Caro, successor to C.T. Loo, New York, acquired prior to 1954.
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d. 1978).
弗兰克•卡罗(卢芹斋继任人),纽约,得于1954年之前
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
展览:
Mostra d'arte cinese [Exhibition of Chinese art], Venice, 1954, cat. no. 102.
《Mostra d'arte cinese》,威尼斯,1954年,编号102
https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/ecatalogue/2019/junkunc-arts-of-ancient-china-n10030/lot.128.html
商末青铜兽面纹枓
长:10.8 cm
A RARE BRONZE RITUAL LADLE (DOU)
LATE SHANG DYNASTY
the barrel-shaped bowl cast with the deep rounded sides rising from a slightly concave base, the exterior decorated with a wide band of slender vertical ribs, the short handle gently curved upward, decorated to the top in relief with a beast mask, detailed with large protruding eyes, leaf-shaped ears, extended snout, and a pair of bovine horns, above a similar mask with hooked horns, with a hollow interior for attachment to a longer shaft, the surface with patches of malachite encrustation
Length 4 1/4 in., 10.8 cm
来源:
Howard Hollis & Company, Cleveland, 22nd April 1954.
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d. 1978).
Howard Hollis &Company,克利夫兰,1954年4月22日
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/ecatalogue/2019/junkunc-arts-of-ancient-china-n10030/lot.111.html
东周春秋初楚屈叔沱戈
铭文:楚屈叔沱屈□之孙楚王之元右王钟于缶之□笙
长:29.1 cm
AN EXCEPTIONALLY RARE AND IMPORTANT ARCHAIC BRONZE CEREMONIAL HALBERD BLADE (GE)
EASTERN ZHOU DYNASTY, EARLY SPRING AND AUTUMN PERIOD
finely cast with the elongated yuan divided by a raised ridge in the middle of each side and extending downward to form the hu, inscribed to one side with eight characters reading Chu Qu Shutuo, Qu X zhisun, all bordered by sharply finished edges, the end pierced with three vertically arranged chuan (apertures), the nei with a further rectangular chuan and decorated with hook motifs, inscribed to one side with seven characters reading Chuwang zhi yuanyou, wang zhong, and the other side with five characters reading yu fou zhi X sheng, the surface patinated to a dark silver tone with light malachite encrustation
Length 11 1/2 in., 29.1 cm
来源:
Collection of Liu Tizhi (1879-1962).
C.T. Loo, New York, November 1938, acquired for Alfred F. Pillsbury (1876-1950).
Frank Caro, successor to C.T. Loo, New York, 2nd August 1954.
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d. 1978).
刘体智(1879-1962)收藏
卢芹斋,纽约,1938年11月,为 Alfred F. Pillsbury (1876-1950) 代购
弗兰克•卡罗(卢芹斋继任人),纽约,1954年8月2日
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
展览:
An Exhibition of Ancient Chinese Ritual Bronzes. Loaned by C.T. Loo & Co., The Detroit Institute of Arts, Detroit, 1940, pl. XXXIII.
New Orleans Museum of Art, New Orleans, March - June 1948.
《An Exhibition of Ancient Chinese RitualBronzes. Loaned by C.T. Loo & Co.》,底特律艺术博物馆,底特律,1940年,图版XXXIII
新奥尔良艺术博物馆,新奥尔良,1948年3至6月
出版:
Luo Zhenyu, Zhensongtang jigu yiwen [Gathering of ancient writings in the Zhensongtang], vol. 11, 1930, p. 35, pl. 1.
Liu Tizhi, Xiaojiaojingge jinwen taben [Rubbings of archaic bronze inscriptions in the Xiaojiaojingge], vol. 10, 1935, p. 60, pl. 1.
Xu Naichang, ed., Anhui tongzhi jinshi guwu kaogao [Manuscript of studying archaic bronze and antiquities from Anhui], Anhui, vol. 16, 1936, p. 5, pl. 2.
Luo Zhenyu, Sandai jijin wencun [Surviving writings from the Xia, Shang, and Zhou Dynasties], vol. 19, 1937, no. 55, pls 1 and 2.
Yan Yiping, Jinwen Zongji [Corpus of bronze inscriptions], Taipei, 1983, no. 75572.
He Hao, 'Chu Qu Shutuo Ge kao [Study of the halberd blade of Chu Qu Shutuo]', Anhui wenxue [Literature of Anhui], vol. 1, Hefei, 1985, pp 56-59 (not illustrated).
Cui Hengsheng, Anhui chutu jinwen dingbu [Inscriptions on archaic bronze excavated in Anhui: addendum], Anhui, 1998, no. 38.
Wang Xiantang, Guoshi jinshizhi gao [Manuscript of archaic bronze in Chinese history], Qingdao, 2004, no. 2633.
Institute of Archaeology, CASS, ed., Yin Zhou Jinwen Jicheng [Compendium of bronze inscriptions from Yin and Zhou dynasties], Beijing, 2007, pl. 11393.
Wu Zhenfeng, Shangzhou qingtongqi mingwen ji tuxiang jicheng [Compendium of inscriptions and images of bronzes from Shang and Zhou dynasties], vol. 32, Shanghai, 2012, no. 17328.
罗振玉,《贞松堂集古遗文》,卷11,1930年,页35,图版1
刘体智,《小校经阁金文拓本》,卷10,1935年,页60,图版1
徐乃昌编,《安徽通志金石古物考稿》,册16,1936年,页5,图版2
罗振玉,《三代吉金文存》,卷19,1937年,编号55,图版1及2
严一萍,《金文总集》,台北,1983年,编号75572
何浩,〈楚屈叔沱戈考〉,《安徽文学》,期1,合肥,1985年,页56-59(无图)
崔恒升,《安徽出土金文订补》,安徽,1998年,编号38
王献唐,《国史金石志稿》,青岛,2004年,编号2633
中国社会科学院考古研究所编,《殷周金文集成》,北京,2007年,图版11393
吴镇烽,《商周青铜器铭文暨图像集成》,卷32,上海,2012年,编号17328
https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/ecatalogue/2019/junkunc-arts-of-ancient-china-n10030/lot.135.html
战国至汉铜错金银兽面纹镂空鎏金瑞兽钮杖首
高:6.5 cm
成交价:20,000 美元
A RARE GOLD AND SILVER-INLAID BRONZE 'MYTHICAL BEAST' FINIAL
WARRING STATES PERIOD - HAN DYNASTY
the tall socket of oval section, finely decorated in gold and silver inlay around the exterior with a pair of stylized beast masks, each detailed with rounded eyes and upright curled horns, all surmounted by a coiled beast in gilt, with a feline head, powerful claws, and a long tail, the surface with minor areas of malachite encrustation
Height 2 1/2 in., 6.5 cm
https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/ecatalogue/2019/junkunc-arts-of-ancient-china-n10030/lot.108.html
商末 /西周青铜兽面饰一对
宽:4.8 cm
成交价:7,500 美元
A RARE PAIR OF ARCHAIC BRONZE 'TAOTIE' FITTINGS
LATE SHANG / WESTERN ZHOU DYNASTY
each crisply cast in the form of a mask with recessed lines defining the details, the two protruding eyes flanked by a pair of pointed ears, the wide jaw flanked by hooked fangs and centered by a curved snout, all surmounted by a pair of capped horns, the back set with a horizontal bar for attachment, the surface with malachite encrustation, wood stands (4)
Width 1 7/8 in., 4.8 cm
来源:
Nagatani, Inc., Chicago, 5th December 1955.
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d. 1978).
Nagatani, Inc.,芝加哥,1955年12月5日
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/ecatalogue/2019/junkunc-arts-of-ancient-china-n10030/lot.107.html
东周至汉铜错金银朱雀形饰
高:11 cm
成交价:68,750 美元
AN EXCEEDINGLY RARE GILT AND SILVERED GLASS-INLAID BIRD-FORM FITTING
EASTERN ZHOU - HAN DYNASTY
elaborately cast in the form of a mythical bird depicted frontally, with its head modeled in high relief, detailed with black glass-inlaid eyes and a short pointed beak, its wings outstretched accentuated with silver scrolls, its long gently curved tail extending upward into a fan shape, the reverse hollow and set with six small loops for attachment
Height 4 3/8 in., 11 cm
来源:
Frank Caro, successor to C.T. Loo, New York, 4th June 1959.
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d. 1978).
弗兰克•卡罗(卢芹斋继任人),纽约,1959年6月4日
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
展览:
An Exhibition of Chinese Bronzes, C.T. Loo & Co., New York, 1939, pl. XXVII, no. 122.
《An Exhibition of Chinese Bronzes》,卢芹斋,纽约,1939年,图版XXVII,编号122
https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/ecatalogue/2019/junkunc-arts-of-ancient-china-n10030/lot.141.html
战国至汉铜错银卧鸟形戈帽
长:6 cm
成交价:21,250 美元
A SILVER-INLAID BRONZE BIRD-FORM FINIAL
WARRING STATES PERIOD - HAN DYNASTY
modeled in the form of a perching bird, rendered with its head looking backward, with fine silver inlay defining its sharp beak, rounded eyes, pointed ears, curled wings, and long feathery tail, the surface with malachite encrustation, the interior hollow for attachment
Length 2 3/8 in., 6 cm
https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/ecatalogue/2019/junkunc-arts-of-ancient-china-n10030/lot.112.html
西汉铜鎏金龙虎纹柄
高:8.7 cm
成交价:3,750 美元
A RARE GILT-BRONZE 'DRAGON AND TIGER' BRUSH HANDLE
WESTERN HAN DYNASTY
intricately cast in high relief in the form of two fiercely combating tigers, beneath a sinuous dragon writhing through clouds with its head raised, all above a rectangular socket, wood stand (2)
Height 3 3/8 in., 8.7 cm
来源:
J.T. Tai, New York, 29 December 1959.
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d. 1978).
戴润斋,纽约,1959年12月29日
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/ecatalogue/2019/junkunc-arts-of-ancient-china-n10030/lot.136.html
宋至明玉雕龙凤纹卮
高:8.7 cm
A RARE HAN-STYLE PALE GREEN JADE CYLINDRICAL CUP
SONG - MING DYNASTY
the cylindrical vessel supported on three short crouching bear-form feet, set to one side with a circular loop handle with a sharply upswept spur, finely carved with an archaistic design of a dragon in pursuit of a phoenix reserved on a ground of raised bosses bordered by narrow bands of coiled C-scrolls at the base and foot, the yellowish-green stone with russet inclusions
Height 3 3/8 in., 8.7 cm
来源:
Fritz Low-Beer & Co., New York, 6th April 1950.
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d. 1978).
Fritz Low-Beer &Co.,纽约,1950年4月6日
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
出版:
Alfred Salmony, Chinese Jade Through the Wei Dynasty, New York, 1963, pl. XXXIX, fig. 2.
Alfred Salmony,《Chinese Jade Through the Wei Dynasty》,纽约,1963年,图版XXXIX,图1
https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/ecatalogue/2019/junkunc-arts-of-ancient-china-n10030/lot.134.html
汉至六朝玉瑞兽
长:5.8 cm
成交价:740,000 美元
AN EXCEPTIONALLY RARE BEIGE JADE CARVING OF A MYTHICAL BEAST
HAN DYNASTY - SIX DYNASTIES
the winged leonine beast standing four square, the compact rounded body tensed on four short legs, the long tail sweeping from between the hind legs to rest on the left haunch, with finely incised lines detailing the mane and body, the translucent gray stone with pale brown inclusions
Length 2 1/4 in., 5.8 cm
来源
C.T. Loo, New York.
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d. 1978)
卢芹斋,纽约
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
展览:
An Exhibition of Chinese Archaic Jades Arranged for Norton Gallery of Art, C.T. Loo, Norton Gallery of Art, Florida, 1950, pl. LX, 3.
《An Exhibition of Chinese Archaic JadesArranged for Norton Gallery of Art》,卢芹斋,诺顿美术馆,佛州,1950年,图版LX, 3
出版:
Gustav Ecke, 'Early Chinese Jades selected from Alfred Salmony's posthumous work', The Connoisseur, vol. CXLVII, March-June 1961, p. 64, fig. 12.
Alfred Salmony, Chinese Jade Through the Wei Dynasty, New York, 1963, pl. XXV-3, fig. 3.
古斯塔夫•艾克,〈Early Chinese Jades selected from AlfredSalmony's posthumous work〉,《The Connoisseur》,卷CXLVII,1961年3至6月,页64,图12Alfred Salmony,《Chinese Jade Through the Wei Dynasty》,纽约,1963年,图版XXV-3,图3
相关介绍:
本品瑞兽,其形似狮,两翼侧收,所呈强壮气概似与生而俱,不怒自威。自汉代至六朝,动物玉雕之传统便已澜觞而至欣荣,瑞兽题材更得亲睐,视为大宗。汉朝以前玉雕多呈平面,为殉葬品,或作个人装饰品;然其后,多制圆雕象生玉器,用于现世陈设,为权贵精英赏玩之对象,或用以告诫玉主,勿忘世间潜在神力,端其品行,增固嘉德。
狮,古称狻倪,非中原本土物种,源自古波斯、印度,于东汉时期由大夏及安息帝国国王作为国礼,进献汉廷。后随佛教传播中原,神狮作为守卫灵兽之形象,备受垂青,制于多种材质。此件玉雕线条简朴古拙,教人联想自东汉起,安置于皇室及贵族陵园前神道两侧之镇墓石狮造像,后朝历代,均沿用此样式,直至唐朝,方为愈加繁复逼真之瑞狮形象所替。河南洛阳发现一汉代石狮例,现贮山东省博物馆,可资比较,展并录于《Age of Empires:Chinese Art of the Qin and Han Dynasties (221 B.C.–A.D. 200)》,大都会艺术博物馆,纽约,2017年,编号104。
此件玉兽最早见于卢芹斋五十年代之展览图录,曾展于诺顿美术馆,卢芹斋断其年代为魏;后又载录于 Alfred Salmony,《Chinese Jade Through the Wei Dynasty》,纽约,1963年,图版LX, 3,作者定其年代为东周后期。此般精美玉雕神兽,可参者只寥寥数件,然经多番比较,本品年代应属汉至六朝时期。
西安咸阳汉元帝陵出土数件精巧玉瑞兽,含一带翼辟邪,身形圆硕,四肢短健,图见 Jessica Rawson,《Chinese Jades from the Neolithic to theQing》,香港,1995年,页351,图2a-d。
质量与本例相当之玉神兽例,造型通常作蹲伏状,或跨步探前状。比一卧兽例,售于纽约苏富比1979年11月2日,编号51,现纳入何鸿卿爵士雅蓄。彼时图录刊其为六朝,而今 Jessica Rawson 复位为汉(参见《Chinese Jade from the Neolithic to theQing》,伦敦,1995年,图版26:7),并举汉元帝墓出土之辟邪为例(前述出处,页364,图1)。
另见一带翼瑞狮,据传为二至四世纪,原属 Desmond Gure 典藏,1963年入斯德哥尔摩远东文物博物馆之中国玉器展,后录于 Desmond Gure,〈Selected Examples from the JadeExhibition at Stockholm, 1964: A Comparative Study〉,《The Museum of Far Eastern AntiquitiesBulletin》,斯德哥尔摩,编号36,1946年,图版15。再比一六朝卧兽例,器身划刻羽翼,为叶义医生珍藏,展并刊于《中国生肖玉雕》,香港艺术馆,香港,1996年,编号58;清宫旧藏亦存一魏晋时期瑞兽类例,图载于《故宫博物院藏文物珍品大系·玉器(上)》,香港,1995年,图版229。
https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/ecatalogue/2019/junkunc-arts-of-ancient-china-n10030/lot.106.html
六朝黄玉瑞蟾
成交价:620,000 美元
AN EXCEPTIONALLY RARE YELLOW AND RUSSET JADE FIGURE OF A MYTHICAL TOAD
SIX DYNASTIES
masterfully carved in the round, the mythical creature kneeling, its fingers clasped at the chest above the rounded belly, the face with a snout nose framed by bulging eyes beneath heavy lids, all above the wide lipped mouth open in a grimace and with long whiskers on either side, the top of the head with two coiled horns flanking a grooved ridge, two wings emerging from the forearms carved in low relief to its back, the body finely detailed with incised lines, the stone of a warm yellowish-green color with slightly calcified russet skin skillfully integrated into the top of the head and upper back, pierced through the hands, wood stand (2)
出版:
Gustav Ecke, 'Early Chinese Jades selected from Alfred Salmony's posthumous work', The Connoisseur, vol. CXLVII, March-June 1961, p. 67, fig. 20.
Alfred Salmony, Chinese Jade Through the Wei Dynasty, New York, 1963, pl. XLI, figs 2a-c.
古斯塔夫•艾克,〈Early Chinese Jades selected from AlfredSalmony's posthumous work〉,《The Connoisseur》,号CXLVII,1961年3至6月,页67,图20Alfred Salmony,《Chinese Jade Through the Wei Dynasty》,纽约,1963年,图版XLI,图2a-c
https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/ecatalogue/2019/junkunc-arts-of-ancient-china-n10030/lot.144.html
新石器時代 紅山文化 玉鴞形珮
长:3 cm
成交价:32,500 美元
A GREEN JADE BIRD-FORM AMULET
NEOLITHIC PERIOD, HONGSHAN CULTURE
the flattened bird with wings outstretched, carved with a small protruding head and proud chest, the greenish stone partially calcified
Length 1 1/8 in., 3 cm
来源:
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d.1978).
史蒂芬•瓊肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/ecatalogue/2019/junkunc-arts-of-ancient-china-n10030/lot.109.html
六朝或以前玉雕鹅形佩
长:12 cm
成交价:25,000 美元
A RARE CALCIFIED JADE 'GOOSE' PENDANT
SIX DYNASTIES OR EARLIER
of flattened form, carved in profile, the plump bird recumbent with its leg tucked under, its long neck extended and head uplifted, the silhouette of a long-necked goose, pierced through upper neck for suspension, the calcified stone of an even creamy brown tone
Length 4 3/4 in., 12 cm
来源:
Collection of Mrs. Christian R. Holmes (1871-1941).
Collection of the Holmes Foundation.
Parke-Bernet Galleries, New York, 14-15 November 1963, lot 199 (part lot).
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d. 1978).
Christian R. Holmes 夫人 (1871-1941) 收藏
Holmes 基金会收藏
Parke-BernetGalleries,纽约,1963年11月14至15日,编号199(其一)
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/ecatalogue/2019/junkunc-arts-of-ancient-china-n10030/lot.104.html
商/西周玉双联戈佩
长:8.7 cm
成交价:16,250 美元
A RARE CALCIFIED JADE MINIATURE 'DOUBLE-DAGGER' PENDANT
SHANG/WESTERN ZHOU DYNASTY
each blade following the form of a ge dagger, one slightly longer than the other, the beveled surface of each with three ridges extending to the slightly curved tapered tips, the center of the toothed tang pierced, joined together along a short strip of the adjacent edges
Length 3 3/8 in., 8.7 cm
https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/ecatalogue/2019/junkunc-arts-of-ancient-china-n10030/lot.101.html
东周青玉雕龙首觽
长:12.2 cm
成交价:30,000 美元
A RARE PALE GREEN JADE 'DRAGON' PENDANT, XI
EASTERN ZHOU DYNASTY
finely carved, the arched body tapered and terminating in a pointed tip, the other side in a dragon-head in profile, its hooked beak open revealing pointed teeth, blunted snout and long horns pinned back against the head, and with a C-shaped aperture for suspension, the body finely incised with fine lines, the beige celadon stone with russet markings and inclusions
Length 4 3/4 in., 12.2 cm
https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/ecatalogue/2019/junkunc-arts-of-ancient-china-n10030/lot.117.html
唐或以后白玉雕乐人图牌
宽:4.7 cm
成交价:137,500 美元
A WHITE JADE BELT PLAQUE
TANG DYNASTY OR LATER
carved in relief to one side with a musician, possibly of Central Asian origin, seated on an oval mat playing a pipa, the figure enclosed within an undulating frame, the other side possibly later-carved with a sinewy coiled dragon encircling a floret amidst clouds extending over the top edge of the plaque, pierced for suspension, the stone of a pure white color
Width 1 7/8 in., 4.7 cm
来源 :
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d. 1978).
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/ecatalogue/2019/junkunc-arts-of-ancient-china-n10030/lot.118.html
北魏灰陶加彩武士立像一对
高:31.1 cm
成交价:28,750 美元
A PAIR OF PAINTED POTTERY FIGURES OF WARRIORS
NORTHERN WEI DYNASTY
each modeled in the round, standing at attention with one arm by the side and one resting on a long shield molded with a scowling monster mask, the face echoing this expression with a similar downturned mouth, furrowed brows and with a dark curly beard, attired in armor, a tunic with two breastplates, a helmet cap covering the ears and neck, all detailed in red and black pigment (2)
Height 12 1/2 in., 31.1 cm
来源:
Warren E. Cox, New York.
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d.1978).
Warren E. Cox,纽约
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/ecatalogue/2019/junkunc-arts-of-ancient-china-n10030/lot.121.html
唐末 /辽绿釉贴花罐
高:11.8 cm
成交价:75,000 美元
A RARE MOLDED GREEN-GLAZED POTTERY JAR
LATE TANG/LIAO DYNASTY
superbly modeled, the ovoid form rising from a short splayed foot to a flat shoulder incised with a band of s-curves, surmounted by a narrow lipped rim, a row of molded petal-form lappets applied below the shoulder, each centering a floral spray, the body applied with twelve teardrop-shaped medallions of geometric foliate design outlined by rosettes in the form of concentric circles, divided into two registers; with the lower register suspended from a line of rosettes, covered overall in a bright leaf-green glaze, the unglazed recessed base revealing the pinkish body
Height 4 5/8 in., 11.8 cm
来源:
Warren E. Cox, New York.
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d.1978).
Warren E. Cox,纽约
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
展览:
Chinese Ceramics, from the prehistoric period through Ch'ien Lung, Los Angeles County Museum, Los Angeles, 1952, cat. no. 65.
The Arts of the T'ang Dynasty, Los Angeles County Museum, Los Angeles, 1957, cat. no. 175.
《Chinese Ceramics, from the prehistoricperiod through Ch'ien Lung》,洛杉矶郡艺术博物馆,1952年,编号65
《The Arts of the T'ang Dynasty》,洛杉矶郡艺术博物馆,1957年,编号175
出版:
Warren E. Cox, The Book of Pottery and Porcelain, vol. I, New York, 1944, pl. 259.
Warren E. Cox,《The Book of Pottery and Porcelain》,卷I,纽约,1944年,图版259
https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/ecatalogue/2019/junkunc-arts-of-ancient-china-n10030/lot.115.html
唐蓝彩盖罐
高:20.9 cm
成交价:25,000 美元
A BLUE-SPLASHED POTTERY JAR AND COVER
TANG DYNASTY
of slightly compressed ovoid form, the rounded sides tapering to a short splayed foot, and rising to an everted lipped rim, the buff pinkish body covered by a thin layer of white slip around the neck and sides, with irregular splashes of vibrant cobalt blue glaze cascading in painterly drips from the rim stopping just above the foot, against a pale yellow straw glaze suffused with a fine network of crackles, the domed cover similarly decorated with horizontal streaks of greenish-blue against a lustrous straw-glazed ground (2)
Height 8 1/4 in., 20.9 cm
来源:
William H. Wolff, 10th October 1960.
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d.1978).
William H. Wolff,1960年10月10日
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/ecatalogue/2019/junkunc-arts-of-ancient-china-n10030/lot.123.html
唐三彩双龙耳瓶
高:33 cm
成交价:12,500 美元
A SANCAI-GLAZED POTTERY AMPHORA
TANG DYNASTY
elegantly potted, the slightly splayed foot swelling to high, rounded shoulders surmounted by a tall waisted neck and everted lipped rim, set with two curved dragon-headed handles applied with spiral bosses extending from the mouth to the base of the neck, the top half amber-glazed with resist dappling and flecks of moss green, the bottom half unglazed revealing the buff fine-grained body
Height 13 in., 33 cm
来源:
Warren E. Cox, New York, 7th December 1959.
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d. 1978).
Warren E. Cox &Associates,纽约,1959年12月7日
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/ecatalogue/2019/junkunc-arts-of-ancient-china-n10030/lot.113.html
唐 三彩陶牛
长:20.3 cm
成交价:21,250 美元
A RARE SANCAI-GLAZED POTTERY FIGURE OF A SPOTTED BULL
TANG DYNASTY
well modeled standing four square, the pointed ears alert and tail to one side, the dewlap hanging low and the neck with incised folds of skin, the pinkish buff body covered with a straw-colored glaze, intermittently applied with dapples of glassy sky blue against larger splashes of dark amber glaze that pool and cascade downwards
Length 8 in., 20.3 cm
https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/ecatalogue/2019/junkunc-arts-of-ancient-china-n10030/lot.110.html
汉灰陶瑞兽
成交价:32,500 美元
A PAINTED GRAY POTTERY FIGURE OF A MYTHICAL BEAST
HAN DYNASTY
the beast modeled standing four square, with head lowered and muscular haunches bracing as if about to charge, the crown and neck with three imposing pointed horns, a row of four studs along the spine, continuing to a long tail curled back, the right hind leg with a large grooved spiral, with traces of white slip and red pigment all over
https://www.sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/lot.143.html/2019/junkunc-arts-of-ancient-china-n10030
东汉灰陶龟形砚连盖
长:20.3 cm
成交价:20,000 美元
A POTTERY TORTOISE-FORM INK STONE AND COVER
EASTERN HAN DYNASTY
the base cleverly modeled in reptile form, animal standing four square with the head raised, gazing upward with rounded protuberant eyes, the domed shell forming the removable cover, incised with tessellated hexagons and outlined with a similar pattern at the rim, the oblong lower body recessed to function as the inkstone (2)
Length 8 in., 20.3 cm
来源:
Nagatani, Inc., Chicago, 1st October 1948.
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d.1978).
Nagatani, Inc.,芝加哥,1948年10月1日
史蒂芬•琼肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/ecatalogue/2019/junkunc-arts-of-ancient-china-n10030/lot.142.html
商骨雕兽首饰
高:8.1 cm
成交价:16,250 美元
A RARE BONE 'MYTHICAL BEAST' FITTING
SHANG DYNASTY
carved in the form of a bovine head detailed with recessed diamond-shaped eyes framed by a band of leiwen and a broad nose with leiwen defining the nostrils, flanked by a pair of leaf-shaped ears, one pricked and the other curving to the back, all beneath two large upright curving horns, the back with a rectangular socket surrounded by leiwen, the top pierced with two apertures
Height 3 1/4 in., 8.1 cm
来源:
Collection of Stephen Junkunc, III (d.1978).
史蒂芬•瓊肯三世(1978年逝)收藏
https://www.sothebys.com/zh/auctions/ecatalogue/2019/junkunc-arts-of-ancient-china-n10030/lot.127.html
宋 / 金骨透雕妙音鸟穿花纹梳
宽:13 cm
成交价:5,000 美元
A RARE BONE COMB
SONG / JIN DYNASTY
of half-moon shape, the closely arranged teeth framed by an arched band pierced with a kalavinka in flight amid an undulating scroll issuing large leaves and flowers, the details finely incised
Width 5 1/8 in., 13 cm
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《梵物志》
属于漫谈性质的经验分享
是太阳很大(阳新)多年来对造像研究的总结整理
书中有理性的分析
也有很感性的描绘
关于造像的审美认知、断代、真伪鉴别等等
唐朝是中国历史上最重要的朝代之一
也是公认的中国最强盛的时代之一
也是我们最向往的时代
这一次
大唐之美
由齐东方等一线学者名师领衔
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从多方面给您展示唐代之美
为我们带来精彩的唐代艺术史
宋代是中国文化艺术登峰造极的时代
这一次
宋之美
从瓷器、建筑、绘画、书法、花笺、
服饰、石刻、宋陵、赏石、苏东坡艺术
全面反映宋代的艺术成就
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最古老的佛典古文书都在日本
此次特邀日本东京艺术大学
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日本佛像艺术史
自古以来
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也保留了独特的地域文化
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